Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31551068›Full record

ArticleCardiovascular diabetology2019

Comparative risk evaluation for cardiovascular events associated with dapagliflozin vs. empagliflozin in real-world type 2 diabetes patients: a multi-institutional cohort study.

Shih-Chieh Shao, Kai-Cheng Chang, Ming-Jui Hung, Ning-I Yang, Yuk-Ying Chan, Hui-Yu Chen, Yea-Huei Kao Yang, Edward Chia-Cheng Lai

Abstract readComparative StudyMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
45citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

45 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  9. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and atherosclerosis.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2025
    Review
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  11. Real-Life Individual Comparison of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Patients with Heart Failure and Diabetes Mellitus.American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Shih-Chieh ShaoDepartment of Pharmacy, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan.
Kai-Cheng ChangDepartment of Pharmacy, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Ming-Jui HungDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan.
Ning-I YangDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan.
Yuk-Ying ChanDepartment of Pharmaceutical Materials Management, Chang Gung Medical Foundation, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Hui-Yu ChenDepartment of Pharmacy, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Yea-Huei Kao YangSchool of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.
Edward Chia-Cheng LaiSchool of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan. edward_lai@mail.ncku.edu.tw.ORCID 0000-0002-5852-7652

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTo compare the cardiovascular event risk in type 2 diabetes patients newly receiving dapagliflozin vs. empagliflozin.

methodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study by analyzing a multi-institutional electronic medical records database (Chang Gung Research Database) in Taiwan and included adult type 2 diabetes patients who were newly receiving sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors from 2016 to 2017. The primary outcome was a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke and heart failure. We followed up patients from initiation of SGLT2 inhibitors until the occurrence of cardiovascular events before December 31, 2018. We performed multivariable Cox proportional hazard modeling, adjusting for patients' age, sex, laboratory data, co-morbidities, and concomitant medications.

resultsWe identified 12,681 new SGLT2 inhibitor users with a mean age of 58.9 (SD 11.8) years, of whom 43.9% were female and 45.8% were new dapagliflozin users. A total of 10,442 person-years of dapagliflozin use and 12,096 person-years of empagliflozin use were included. Compared to empagliflozin users, new users of dapagliflozin were found to have similar risks for primary composite outcome (adjusted HR: 0.91; 95% CI 0.73-1.14), cardiovascular death (adjusted HR: 0.54; 95% CI 0.14-2.12), myocardial infarction (adjusted HR: 0.77, 95% CI 0.49-1.19) and ischemic stroke (adjusted HR: 1.15; 95% CI 0.80-1.65), but a lower risk of heart failure (adjusted HR: 0.68; 95% CI 0.49-0.95).

conclusionThe risk of cardiovascular events was similar between dapagliflozin and empagliflozin new users, but dapagliflozin may have a better outcome in the reduction of heart failure in type 2 diabetes patients. Future prospective studies are required to confirm the findings.

Indexed as

AgedBenzhydryl CompoundsCardiovascular DiseasesDatabases, FactualDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2FemaleGlucosidesHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsTaiwanBenzhydryl CompoundsdapagliflozinempagliflozinGlucosidesSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsCardiovascular diseaseHeart failureReal-world dataSodium–glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID31551068
PMCPMC6760106

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.