Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31549366›Full record

ArticleQuality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation2020

'Diabetes is a gift from god' a qualitative study coping with diabetes distress by Indonesian outpatients.

Bustanul Arifin, Ari Probandari, Abdul Khairul Rizki Purba, Dyah Aryani Perwitasari, Catharina C M Schuiling-Veninga, Jarir Atthobari, Paul F M Krabbe, Maarten J Postma

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Article
  4. Diabetes advocacy in the Asia-Pacific region.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2025
    Review
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  17. What I felt as a diabetes fatigue survivor: a phenomenology study.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2022
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Bustanul ArifinDepartment of Pharmacy, Unit of Pharmacotherapy, Epidemiology & Economics (PTE2), Faculty of Science and Engineering (FSE), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. bustanul.arifin.ury@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2303-310X
Ari ProbandariDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3171-5271
Abdul Khairul Rizki PurbaDepartment of Pharmacy, Unit of Pharmacotherapy, Epidemiology & Economics (PTE2), Faculty of Science and Engineering (FSE), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9372-2656
Dyah Aryani PerwitasariFaculty of Pharmacy, University of Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2638-6664
Catharina C M Schuiling-VeningaDepartment of Pharmacy, Unit of Pharmacotherapy, Epidemiology & Economics (PTE2), Faculty of Science and Engineering (FSE), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Jarir AtthobariDepartment of Pharmacology and Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Paul F M KrabbeDepartment of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Maarten J PostmaDepartment of Pharmacy, Unit of Pharmacotherapy, Epidemiology & Economics (PTE2), Faculty of Science and Engineering (FSE), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
University Medical Center Groningen · NLSebelas Maret University · IDUniversitas Ahmad Dahlan · IDUniversitas Gadjah Mada · IDUniversity of Groningen · NL

Funding

Beasiswa Pendidikan Indonesia (BPI)/ LPDP (the Indonesian Endowment Fund for Education, Ministry of Finance of Republic of Indonesia) contract number 20130821080334University of Groningen project code 134502
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMore than two-thirds of patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Indonesia encounter medical-related problems connected to routine self-management of medication and the social stigma related to T2DM. The current study aims to explore distress and coping strategies in Indonesian T2DM outpatients in a Primary Healthcare Centre (PHC) in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia.

methodsWe conducted a qualitative study using two different data collection methods: focus group discussions and in-depth interviews. The guideline of interviews and discussions were developed based on seventeen questions derived from the DDS17 Bahasa Indonesia (a Bahasa Indonesia version of the Diabetes Distress Scale questionnaire), which covered physician distress domain, emotional burden domain, regimen distress domain and interpersonal distress domain.

resultsThe majority of the 43 participants were females and aged 50 or older. Our study discovered two main themes: internal and external diabetes distress and coping strategies. Internal diabetes distress consists of disease burden, fatigue due to T2DM, fatigue not due to T2DM, emotional burden (fear, anxiety, etc.) and lack of knowledge. Internal coping strategies comprised spirituality, positive attitude, acceptance and getting more information about T2DM. External diabetes distress was evoked by distress concerning healthcare services, diet, routine medication, monthly blood sugar checks, interpersonal distress (family) and financial concern. External coping strategies included healthcare support, traditional medicine, vigilance, self-management, social and family support and obtaining information about health insurance.

conclusionOur study shows that for Indonesian T2DM-patients, spirituality and acceptance are the most common coping mechanisms for reducing DD. Furthermore, our study revealed an overall positive attitude towards dealing with T2DM as well as a need for more information about T2DM and potential coping strategies. Finally, an important finding of ours relates to differences in DD between males and females, potential DD associated with health services provision and the specific challenges faced by housewives with T2DM.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2FemaleHumansIndonesiaMaleMiddle AgedQualitative ResearchQuality of LifeStress, PsychologicalDiabetes distressHousewivesIndonesian T2DMSpirituality

Identifiers

PMID31549366
PMCPMC6962255
OpenAlexW2975637223

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.