ArticleVaccine2019
Uptake and safety of hepatitis A vaccination during pregnancy: A Vaccine Safety Datalink study.
Article in Vaccine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Minimum Data Set and Metadata for Active Vaccine Safety Surveillance: Systematic Review.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Strengths and limitations of non-survey-based data sources for assessing adult vaccination coverage in the United States.Expert review of vaccines · 2025Review
- Defining and reporting adverse events of special interest in comparative maternal vaccine studies: a systematic review.Vaccine: X · 2024Review
- Extended surveillance to assess safety of 9-valent human papillomavirus vaccine.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Observational
- Treatment and prevention of viral hepatitis in pregnancy.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2022Review
- Comprehensive Overview of Vaccination during Pregnancy in Europe.Journal of personalized medicine · 2021Review
- Safety of components and platforms of COVID-19 vaccines considered for use in pregnancy: A rapid review.Vaccine · 2021Review
- Viral hepatitis and pregnancy.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2021Review
- Vaccine Safety Datalink infrastructure enhancements for evaluating the safety of maternal vaccination.Therapeutic advances in drug safety · 2021Article
- Prevention of Hepatitis A Virus Infection in the United States: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, 2020.MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionInfection with hepatitis A virus (HAV) during pregnancy, although uncommon, is associated with gestational complications and pre-term labor. Hepatitis A vaccine (HepA) is recommended for anyone at increased risk for contracting hepatitis A, including women at risk who are also pregnant. Limited data are available on the safety of maternal HepA vaccination.
objectivesAssess the frequency of maternal HepA receipt and evaluate the potential association between maternal vaccination and pre-specified maternal and infant safety outcomes.
methodsA retrospective cohort of pregnancies in the Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD) resulting in live births from 2004 through 2015 was included. Pregnancies with HepA exposure were compared to those with other vaccine exposures, and to those with no vaccine exposures. Risk factors for contracting hepatitis A were identified up to one-year prior to or during the pregnancy using ICD-9 codes. Maternal and fetal adverse events were evaluated according to maternal HepA exposure status. Adjusted odds ratio (OR) were used to describe the association.
resultsAmong 666,233 pregnancies in the study period, HepA was administered at a rate of 1.7 per 1000 (n = 1140), most commonly within the first six weeks of pregnancy. Less than 3% of those exposed to HepA during pregnancy had an ICD-confirmed risk factor. There were no significant associations between HepA exposure during pregnancy and gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia/eclampsia, cesarean delivery, pre-term delivery, and low birthweight. There was a statistically significant association between HepA exposure during pregnancy and small-for-gestational age (SGA) infants (aOR 1.32, [95% CI 1.09, 1.60], p = 0.004).
conclusionsThe rate of maternal HepA vaccination was low and rarely due to documented risk factors for vaccination. HepA vaccination during pregnancy was not associated with an increased risk for a range of adverse events examined among pregnancies resulting in live births, but an identified association between maternal HepA and SGA infant outcomes, while likely due to unmeasured confounding, warrants further exploration.
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