ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2019
Ursolic and Oleanolic Acids Induce Mitophagy in A549 Human Lung Cancer Cells.
Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ursolic acid in cancer therapy: a review of signaling pathways and apoptotic mechanisms.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- AI-Driven Combination Therapy for Counteracting Dysregulated Genes in Lung Adenocarcinoma: Contribution-Aware Metaheuristic for Drug Repurposing.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Integrating network analysis and machine learning to explore the pharmacological targets and associations of oleanolic acid in lung adenocarcinoma.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Modulation of Autophagy by Ursolic and Betulinic Acids: Distinct Cytotoxic and Membrane-Disruption in Malignant and Nonmalignant Cells.Cell biology international · 2025Article
- Advances in the chemo‑preventive effects and mechanisms of ursolic acid against lung cancer (Review).Oncology reports · 2025Review
- Natural anti-cancer products: insights from herbal medicine.Chinese medicine · 2025Review
- Exploring the therapeutic potential of oleanolic acid and its derivatives in cancer treatment: a comprehensive review.3 Biotech · 2025Review
- Natural Compounds and their Nano-formulations in Combating Autophagy-mediated Drug Resistance in Human Cancers.Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Cytotoxic Autophagy: A Novel Treatment Paradigm against Breast Cancer Using Oleanolic Acid and Ursolic Acid.Cancers · 2024Article
- Ursolic acid inhibits the metastasis of colon cancer by downregulating ARL4C expression.Oncology reports · 2024Article
- A Preliminary Report Regarding the Morphological Changes of Nano-Enabled Pharmaceutical Formulation on Human Lung Carcinoma Monolayer and 3D Bronchial Microtissue.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Insights into the role of mitophagy in lung cancer: current evidence and perspectives.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Targeting mitophagy for neurological disorders treatment: advances in drugs and non-drug approaches.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2023Review
- Ursolic Acid's Alluring Journey: One Triterpenoid vs. Cancer Hallmarks.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Overview of Ursolic Acid Potential for the Treatment of Metabolic Disorders, Autoimmune Diseases, and Cancers via Nuclear Receptor Pathways.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Review
- Review
- Article
- Mitophagy: A novel perspective for insighting into cancer and cancer treatment.Cell proliferation · 2022Review
- Norbornene and Related Structures as Scaffolds in the Search for New Cancer Treatments.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Ursolic and oleanolic acids are natural isomeric triterpenes known for their anticancer activity. Here, we investigated the effect of triterpenes on the viability of A549 human lung cancer cells and the role of autophagy in their activity. The induction of autophagy, the mitochondrial changes and signaling pathway stimulated by triterpenes were systematically explored by confocal microscopy and western blotting. Ursolic and oleanolic acids induce autophagy in A549 cells. Ursolic acid activates AKT/mTOR pathways and oleanolic acid triggers a pathway independent on AKT. Both acids promote many mitochondrial changes, suggesting that mitochondria are targets of autophagy in a process known as mitophagy. The PINK1/Parkin axis is a pathway usually associated with mitophagy, however, the mitophagy induced by ursolic or oleanolic acid is just dependent on PINK1. Moreover, both acids induce an ROS production. The blockage of autophagy with wortmannin is responsible for a decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψ) and cell death. The wortmannin treatment causes an over-increase of p62 and Nrf2 proteins promote a detoxifying effect to rescue cells from the death conducted by ROS. In conclusion, the mitophagy and p62 protein play an important function as a survival mechanism in A549 cells and could be target to therapeutic control.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.