ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2019
Unequal Associations between Educational Attainment and Occupational Stress across Racial and Ethnic Groups.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 102 citations in OpenAlex.
- Racial/Ethnic differences in male reproductive health: a systematic review and meta-analysis of semen parameters and hormonal profiles in the United States.International journal of impotence research · 2025Pooled it
- Unequal embodiment: racial and ethnic heterogeneity in the predictors and age-related health outcomes associated with accelerated biological aging.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026Article
- Associations of the combined C-reactive protein-triglyceride glucose index and frailty index in different dimensions with incident stroke among individuals with stages 0-3 cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
- Racial Differences in Biopsychosocial Pathways to Tobacco and Marijuana Use Among Youth.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Black Americans' Diminished Health Returns of Professional Occupations: A Thirty-Year Follow-Up Study of Middle-Aged and Older Adults.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Parent and caregiver preferences for eHealth programs.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Educational Attainment Better Protects Non-Latino than Latino People Against Diabetes Mellitus.Global journal of cardiovascular diseases · 2025Article
- Trauma Erodes Financial Returns of Educational Attainment.Open journal of educational research · 2025Article
- Molecular connections between inflammation and social determinants of health.Frontiers in epidemiology · 2025Review
- Race, College Graduation, and Time of Retirement in the United States: A Thirty-Year Longitudinal Cohort of Middle-Aged and Older Adults.Open journal of educational research · 2024Article
- High Systolic Blood Pressure of High-Income African American Children.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2024Article
- Racial discrimination and mental health in the context of anti-Asian xenophobia: An intersecting approach of race, ethnicity, nativity, and socioeconomic status.SSM. Mental health · 2024Article
- Chronic Stress Indicator: A Novel Tool for Comprehensive Stress Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Diminished Returns of Educational Attainment on Numeracy Score of Latino Populations: Insights from UAS Data.Open journal of neuroscience · 2024Article
- Tobacco Susceptibility Explains Diminished Returns of Family Income on Black Adolescents' Tobacco Initiation.Open journal of psychology · 2024Article
- What is Common Becomes Normal; Black-White Variation in the Effects of Adversities on Subsequent Initiation of Tobacco and Marijuana During Transitioning into Adolescence.Journal of mental health & clinical psychology · 2024Article
- Education Does Not Equally Increase Financial Well-being for All.Journal of social mathematical & human engineering sciences · 2024Article
- Unequal Returns: Education Fails to Fully Prepare Black and Latino Americans for Retirement.Open journal of educational research · 2024Article
- High Education, Low Returns: Financial Literacy Challenges for African Americans and Hispanics.Open journal of educational research · 2024Article
- Unequal Effect of Educational Attainment on Reducing Poverty and Welfare; Diminished Returns of American Indian/Alaska Native Populations.Journal of rehabilitation therapy · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAlthough other mechanisms are also involved, at least one reason high educational attainment (EA) is associated with better health is lower employment stress in individuals with high EA.
aimsWe aimed to compare racial and ethnic groups for the association between EA and occupational stress in a national sample of American adults.
methodsThe National Health Interview Survey (NHIS 2015), a cross-sectional survey, included 15,726 employed adults. Educational attainment was the dependent variable. Occupational stress was the outcome. Race and ethnicity were the moderators. Age, gender, number of jobs, and years in the job were the covariates.
resultsOverall, higher EA was associated with lower levels of occupational stress. Race and ethnicity both interacted with EA, suggesting that the association between high EA and reduced occupational stress is systemically smaller for AAs and Hispanics than it is for Whites.
conclusionsIn the United States, race and ethnicity limit the health gains that follow EA. While EA helps individuals avoid environmental risk factors, such as occupational stress, this is more valid for non-Hispanic Whites than AAs and Hispanics. The result is additional physical and mental health risks in highly educated AAs and Hispanics. The results are important, given racial and ethnic minorities are the largest growing section of the US population. We should not assume that EA is similarly protective across all racial and ethnic groups. In this context, EA may increase, rather than reduce, health disparities.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.