ReviewJournal for immunotherapy of cancer2014
High dose interleukin-2 (Aldesleukin) - expert consensus on best management practices-2014.
Review in Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 139 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
139 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 208 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Pembrolizumab plus high-dose IL-2 in advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma: six-year survival outcomes and molecular signatures from a phase 2 trial.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- Total neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with PD‑1 blockade and IL‑2 in MSS/pMMR locally advanced rectal cancer: short-term results of a prospective, single-arm phase II study.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Trial
- Simlukafusp alfa (FAP-IL2v) plus atezolizumab with or without bevacizumab in unresectable, metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a randomized, open-label phase Ib study.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Trial
- Efficacy and safety of one-time autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte cell therapy in patients with recurrent and/or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Trial
- Nemvaleukin alfa monotherapy in patients with advanced melanoma and renal cell carcinoma: results from the phase 1/2 non-randomized ARTISTRY-1 trial.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Trial
- Reduced dose fludarabine and cyclophosphamide lymphodepletion before tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapy in melanoma.Future oncology (London, England) · 2025Trial
- Nemvaleukin alfa, a modified interleukin-2 cytokine, as monotherapy and with pembrolizumab in patients with advanced solid tumors (ARTISTRY-1).Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Trial
- The regulatory T cell-selective interleukin-2 receptor agonist rezpegaldesleukin in the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases: two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 1b trials.Nature communications · 2024Trial
- Efficacy and Safety of Low-Dose Interleukin 2 for Primary Sjögren Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2022Trial
- Bempegaldesleukin plus nivolumab in first-line renal cell carcinoma: results from the PIVOT-02 study.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2022Trial
- Bempegaldesleukin Plus Nivolumab in First-Line Metastatic Melanoma.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2021Trial
- Overall survival by clinical risk category for high dose interleukin-2 (HD IL-2) treated patients with metastatic renal cell cancer (mRCC): data from the PROCLAIMJournal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2019Trial
- Improved survival and tumor control with Interleukin-2 is associated with the development of immune-related adverse events: data from the PROCLAIMJournal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2017Trial
- Messenger RNA delivery of a dual CD25/CD122 affinity-tuned IL-2 variant prolongs exposure and potentiates antitumor T cell immunity.Science advances · 2026Article
- Article
- Delivering cytokine mRNA to secondary lymphoid organs for robust cancer immunotherapy.Research square · 2026Article
- What's Old Is New Again, Unfortunately.Clinical journal of oncology nursing · 2026Article
- Targeting T-Cells for Cancer Treatment: Current Clinical Strategies and Challenges.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- From Immunobiology to Clinical Application: Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Melanoma.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
79 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Interleukin-2 (IL-2) was historically one of the few treatments for adults with stage IV solid tumors that could produce complete responses (CRs) that were often durable for decades without further therapy. The majority of complete responders with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) and metastatic melanoma (mM) could probably be classified as "cures". Recent publications have suggested improved efficacy, perhaps due to improved patient selection based on a better understanding of clinical features predicting outcomes. Guidelines for clinical management were established from experience at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and an affiliation of institutions known as the Cytokine Working Group (CWG), who were among the first to utilize HD IL-2 treatment outside of the NCI. As new centers have opened, further management variations have emerged based upon center-specific experience, to optimize administration of IL-2 and provide high quality care for patients at each individual site. Twenty years of evolution in differing environments has led to a plethora of clinical experience and effective management approaches. The goal of this review is to summarize the spectrum of HD IL-2 treatment approaches, describing various effective strategies that incorporate newer adjunctive treatments for managing the side effects of IL-2 in patients with mRCC and mM. The goal for IL-2 therapy is typically to administer the maximum number of doses of IL-2 without putting the patient at unacceptable risk for severe, irreversible toxicity. This review is based upon a consensus meeting and includes guidelines on pre-treatment screening, criteria for administration and withholding doses, and defines consensus criteria for safe administration and toxicity management. The somewhat heterogeneous best practices of 2014 will be compared and contrasted with the guidelines provided in 2001 and the package inserts from 1992 and 1998.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.