ArticlePublic health nutrition2020
The consumption of ultra-processed foods according to eating out occasions.
Article in Public health nutrition, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A Systematic Review of Worldwide Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods: Findings and Criticisms.Nutrients · 2021Pooled it
- Within-Person Variation in Ultra-Processed Food Consumption Is Associated with Total Daily Energy Intake.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Prevalence and determinants of obesity among women aged 15-49 years in the Ashanti region, Ghana: Analysis of the 2022 Ghana demographic and health survey.SAGE open medicine · 2026Article
- Food, Quality of Life and Mental Health: A Cross-Sectional Study with Federal Education Workers.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Eighty-five percent of menu items from the six highest selling fast-food restaurants in the USA are ultra-processed.Public health nutrition · 2025Article
- Unhealthy Ultra-Processed Food Consumption in Children and Adolescents Living in the Mediterranean Area: The DELICIOUS Project.International journal of public health · 2025Article
- Consumption of Ultraprocessed Foods Among Brazilian Pregnant Women Attended in Primary Healthcare.Journal of nutrition and metabolism · 2025Article
- Purchase of food for away-from-home consumption according to urban and rural areas of Brazil between 2002 and 2018.Revista brasileira de epidemiologia = Brazilian journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Weekday-Weekend Differences in Chrononutritional Variables Depend on Urban or Rural Living.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Consumption of Food Offered by Delivery Applications (Apps).International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Preparations offered to workers in different food services: application of the score for qualitative assessment of preparations.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Eating out intensity, ultra-processed foods and BMI among Albanian youth.Public health nutrition · 2023Article
- Article
- Association between Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Diabetes in Chinese Adults-Results from the China Health and Nutrition Survey.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Article
- Public Health Response to the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: Concern about Ultra-Processed Food Consumption.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Social inequality in food consumption between 2008 and 2019 in Brazil.Public health nutrition · 2022Article
- Trend of minimally processed and ultra-processed beverages purchased in Brazilian households: Less milk and much soft drink (2002-2003 to 2017-2018).Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Article
- The association between frequency of eating out with overweight and obesity among children aged 6-17 in China: a National Cross-sectional Study.BMC public health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo describe out-of-home consumption according to the purpose and extent of industrial processing and also evaluate the association between eating out and ultra-processed food consumption, taking account of variance within and between individuals.
designCross-sectional study.
settingBrazil.
participantsThe study was based on the Individual Food Intake of the Brazilian Household Budget Survey, carried out with 34 003 individuals aged 10 years or more, between May 2008 and May 2009. All food items were classified according to food processing level. The habit of eating out was evaluated through the frequency of days each individual reported eating out, described according to sociodemographic characteristics. The contribution of food energy per group and subgroup was estimated according to the frequency of eating out. In addition, multilevel modelling was employed to evaluate the association between eating out and ultra-processed food consumption.
resultsIn Brazil, culinary preparations accounted for most of the energy eaten out. However, it was possible to observe a higher contribution of ultra-processed foods, especially sugary beverages and ready-to-eat meals, as the frequency of out-of-home consumption increased. Compared with food consumption exclusively at home, eating out increased the consumption of ultra-processed foods by 0·41 percentage points within and between individuals.
conclusionIn Brazil, the same individual and different individuals had greater consumption of ultra-processed foods when they ate out of home compared with when they ate at home. So, it is necessary to implement public policies which discourage the out-of-home consumption of ultra-processed foods and that provide affordable and accessible less-processed food options.
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