ArticleInternational journal of ophthalmology2019
Morphological and cytological changes of meibomian glands in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Article in International journal of ophthalmology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diabetic dry eye: advances in pathogenesis, diagnostic strategies, and therapeutic approaches.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Correlating corneal and meibomian gland morphology with diabetes duration in T2DMInternational journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Intermittent fasting ameliorates diabetes-induced meibomian gland dysfunction in mice.International journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Meibomian Gland Dysfunction and Dropout in Diabetic Patients with Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Tear film layers and meibomian gland assessment in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus using a noninvasive ocular surface analyzer: a cross-sectional case-control study.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2023Article
- Identifying Meibomian Gland Dysfunction Biomarkers in a Cohort of Patients Affected by DM Type II.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Evaluation of meibomian gland dysfunction in type 2 diabetes with dry eye disease: a non-randomized controlled trial.BMC ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Comparison of anterior segment parameters of the eye between type 2 diabetic with and without diabetic retinopathy and non-diabetic.International journal of ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Ocular surface alterations and changes of meibomian glands with meibography in type 1 diabetic children.International ophthalmology · 2022Article
- Assessment of Meibomian Gland (MD) Impairment Among Seasonal Allergic Conjunctivitis (SAC) Patients.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2022Article
- Morphology of Meibomian Glands in a 65-Year-Old Norwegian Population without Dry Eye Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Hyperglycemia Induces Meibomian Gland Dysfunction.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2022Article
- Mechanistic investigations of diabetic ocular surface diseases.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Correlation of the retinopathy degree with the change of ocular surface and corneal nerve in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.International journal of ophthalmology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimTo observe the changes of microcellular structure of meibomian glands (MGs) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), and to explore its correlation with the duration of diabetes.
methodsThe study assessed 132 eyes of 132 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM group) and 100 eyes of 100 non-diabetic participants (NDM group). All patients underwent the examination of the Keratograph 5M system to obtain the meibography which were used to evaluate the structure dropout of the MGs. And then laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) was performed for observing the acinar cells and ducts of the MGs to obtain the following parameters: the MG acinar unit density (MGAUD), MG acinar longest diameter (MGALD) and MG acinar shortest diameter (MGASD). The examination results of the right eye were selected for analysis.
resultsCompared with that in NDM group, the meiboscore was significantly higher (
conclusionWith the progress of diabetes, the meibomian glandular acinar cells of diabetic patients show various manifestations. Those changes may result in the dysfuction of the MGs, tear film instability and dry eye symptoms in patients with type 2 DM.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.