ArticleThe Lancet. Infectious diseases2019
Long-term immunity against yellow fever in children vaccinated during infancy: a longitudinal cohort study.
Article in The Lancet. Infectious diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Yellow Fever Vaccine Booster Trial in Children- a Phase 3 Clinical Trial to Establish Safety and Immunogenicity of Repeated YF Vaccination in Healthy Gambian Children of Different Ages
Estudio Sobre Respuesta de Anticuerpos Neutralizantes Contra la Fiebre Amarilla Cuatro a Siete años después de Vacunar Una población pediátrica Entre Los 12 y 23 Meses de Edad en Argentina
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Duration of Protection After Vaccination Against Yellow Fever: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Pooled it
- Immunogenicity of a single dose of the 17DD yellow fever vaccine in a cohort of adults and children in a non-endemic area, and its association with dengue and Zika seropositivity.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Immune response to co-administration of measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR), and yellow fever vaccines: a randomized non-inferiority trial among one-year-old children in Argentina.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Trial
- Yellow fever vaccination coverage among nomadic populations in the Savannah Region, Ghana: a cross-sectional study following an outbreak.The Pan African medical journal · 2026Article
- Preexisting yellow fever virus and West Nile virus immunity and pregnancy outcomes in a Nigerian cohort with endemic orthoflavivirus exposure.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Tanzanian gut microbiota profiles linked to high but rapidly waning yellow fever antibody titers.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2025Article
- Combating yellow fever virus with 7-deaza-7-fluoro-2'-C-methyladenosine.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025Article
- Seropositivity to Dengue, Zika, Yellow Fever, and West Nile Viruses in Senegal, West Africa.Journal of medical virology · 2025Article
- Investigating the association between yellow fever vaccination and symptomatic acute Zika virus infection: a case-control study.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2025Article
- Molecular ingredients of an immunogen for long-lasting IgG.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Epidemic Outbreaks Related to Yellow Fever Viruses.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025Article
- How mathematical modelling can inform outbreak response vaccination.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Review
- Lifestyle score is associated with cellular immune profiles in healthy Tanzanian adults.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Article
- Development of a hydrogen peroxide-inactivated vaccine that protects against viscerotropic yellow fever in a non-human primate model.Cell reports. Medicine · 2024Article
- Immunological response to fractional-dose yellow fever vaccine administered during an outbreak in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo: results 5 years after vaccination from a prospective cohort study.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Off-Label Yellow Fever and Hepatitis A Vaccination in Traveling Children.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Yellow Fever: Global Impact, Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Integrated Prevention Approaches.Le infezioni in medicina · 2024Review
- Assessing yellow fever outbreak potential and implications for vaccine strategy.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Booster Vaccination against Yellow Fever in Gambian children-(BoVY) -a Phase 3 clinical trial to establish safety and immunogenicity of repeated YF vaccination in healthy Gambian children of different ages.Wellcome open research · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundA single dose of vaccine against yellow fever is routinely administered to infants aged 9-12 months under the Expanded Programme on Immunization, but the long-term outcome of vaccination in this age group is unknown. We aimed to evaluate the long-term persistence of neutralising antibodies to yellow fever virus following routine vaccination in infancy.
methodsWe did a longitudinal cohort study, using a microneutralisation assay to measure protective antibodies against yellow fever in Malian and Ghanaian children vaccinated around age 9 months and followed up for 4·5 years (Mali), or 2·3 and 6·0 years (Ghana). Healthy children with available day-0 sera, a complete follow-up history, and no record of yellow fever revaccination were included; children seropositive for yellow fever at baseline were excluded. We standardised antibody concentrations with reference to the yellow fever WHO International Standard.
findingsWe included 587 Malian and 436 Ghanaian children vaccinated between June 5, 2009, and Dec 26, 2012. In the Malian group, 296 (50·4%, 95% CI 46·4-54·5) were seropositive (antibody concentration ≥0·5 IU/mL) 4·5 years after vaccination. Among the Ghanaian children, 121 (27·8%, 23·5-32·0) were seropositive after 2·3 years. These results show a large decrease from the proportions of seropositive infants 28 days after vaccination, 96·7% in Mali and 72·7% in Ghana, reported by a previous study of both study populations. The number of seropositive children increased to 188 (43·1%, 95% CI 38·5-47·8) in the Ghanaian group 6·0 years after vaccination, but this result might be confounded by unrecorded revaccination or natural infection with wild yellow fever virus during a 2011-12 outbreak in northern Ghana.
interpretationRapid waning of immunity during the early years after vaccination of 9-month-old infants argues for a revision of the single-dose recommendation for this target population in endemic countries. The short duration of immunity in many vaccinees suggests that booster vaccination is necessary to meet the 80% population immunity threshold for prevention of yellow fever outbreaks.
fundingWellcome Trust.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.