ArticleSurgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA2020
Translational anatomy of the left atrium and esophagus as relevant to the pulmonary vein antral isolation for atrial fibrillation.
Article in Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparison between High-Power Short-Duration and Conventional Ablation Strategy in Atrial Fibrillation: An Updated Meta-Analysis.Cardiovascular therapeutics · 2022Pooled it
- A predictive model for esophageal thermal injury following atrial fibrillation ablation : Risk tool for esophageal thermal injury.Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing · 2026Article
- Severe Esophageal Complications Following Atrial Fibrillation Ablation: Should We Still Be Concerned?Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2025Review
- The association between the recurrence of atrial fibrillation and the shape of left atrial lateral ridge.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- 2024 European Heart Rhythm Association/Heart Rhythm Society/Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society/Latin American Heart Rhythm Society expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation.Journal of arrhythmia · 2024Article
- Morphometry of left atrial appendage isthmus and mitral isthmus: implications for atrial fibrillation catheter ablation.Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing · 2024Article
- 2024 European Heart Rhythm Association/Heart Rhythm Society/Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society/Latin American Heart Rhythm Society expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation.Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing · 2024Article
- 2024 European Heart Rhythm Association/Heart Rhythm Society/Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society/Latin American Heart Rhythm Society expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation.Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2024Article
- Derivation and Verification of the Relationship between Ablation Index and Baseline Impedance.Cardiology research and practice · 2021Article
- Histological evaluation of atrial muscle sleeve of pulmonary veins as relevant to trigger mapping and ablation.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposePulmonary vein antrum isolation by radiofrequency ablation has become a preferred treatment for atrial fibrillation. The aim of our research is to study the anatomy of the PVantrum and its related structures with special emphasis on the esophageal relation to the various components of the antrum, as thermal injury is a common complication.
methodsMediastinal contents were extracted "en bloc" from 30 human formalin fixed adult cadavers to study the posterior wall of the left atrium along with the esophagus.
resultsThe pulmonary antrum was measured. Each pulmonary ostium was assessed for circumference and muscle thickness. The esophagus was related to the left superior ostium in 90% of cases. The esophagus was traced on the atrial wall in each case; the distance from endocardium was measured at five equidistant lines. AV node distance from the right inferior pulmonary vein was 5 cm. The atrioventricular part of the membranous septum measured 4.2 mm.
conclusionsFor antral isolation the ablation lines are about 3 cm superior, 3.5 cm inferior and about 1 cm apart. The esophagus is ~ 12 mm away at the superior and ~ 7 mm away at the inferior ablation line. On the left ablation line this distance would diminish from 15 to 7 mm. The pulmonary ostial circumference is ~ 5 cm with muscle thickness varying from 0.7 to 4 mm. The left ostia need more ablative power as they have a 60% (1 mm) thicker muscle coat. Care should be taken while ablating round the left superior ostium as the esophagus lies 1-3 cm behind it in 90% of the cases.
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