ArticleTobacco control2020
Effect of electric heating and ice added to the bowl on mainstream waterpipe semivolatile furan and other toxicant yields.
Article in Tobacco control, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Waterpipe Size Matters: The Effect of Waterpipe Size on Toxicant Exposures and Subjective Experiences.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Trial
- Comparison of effects of charcoal versus electric heating of waterpipe tobacco on carbon monoxide levels: Cardiovascular measures; benzene, pyrene, and nicotine uptake; and subjective reactions.Toxicology reports · 2026Article
- Chemical Constituents and Particle Size Distribution of Mainstream Emission From Electronic Waterpipe.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Article
- Sugars in Tobacco Products: Toxicity Research and Implications for Tobacco Product Regulation.Chemical research in toxicology · 2025Review
- Toxicity of waterpipe tobacco smoking: the role of flavors, sweeteners, humectants, and charcoal.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2024Review
- Article
- Waterpipe and cigarette epigenome analysis reveals markers implicated in addiction and smoking type inference.Environment international · 2023Article
- Investigating the transfer rate of waterpipe additives to smoke as an integral part of toxicological risk assessments.Toxicology reports · 2022Article
- The adverse health effects of waterpipe smoking in adolescents and young adults: A narrative review.Tobacco induced diseases · 2021Review
- Urinary metabolites of furan in waterpipe tobacco smokers compared to non-smokers in home settings in the US.Toxicology letters · 2020Article
- Effect of sub-chronic exposure to cigarette smoke, electronic cigarette and waterpipe on human lung epithelial barrier function.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2020Article
- Waterpipe Tobacco Warnings Need to Inform Users of Harm.Tobacco regulatory science · 2020Article
- Impact of flavors and humectants on waterpipe tobacco smoking topography, subjective effects, toxicant exposure and intentions for continued use.Tobacco control · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesWe examined mainstream total particulate matter, nicotine, cotinine, menthol, pyrene, carbon monoxide (CO) and semivolatile furan yields from a commercial waterpipe with two methods for heating the tobacco, quick-light charcoal (charcoal) and electric head (electric) and two water bowl preparations: with (ice) and without ice (water).
methodsEmissions from a single brand of popular waterpipe tobacco (10 g) were generated using machine smoking according to a two-stage puffing regimen developed from human puffing topography. Tobacco and charcoal consumption were calculated for each machine smoking session as mass lost, expressed as a fraction of presmoking mass.
resultsThe heating method had the greatest effect on toxicant yields. Electric heating resulted in increases in the fraction of tobacco consumed (2.4 times more, p<0.0001), mainstream nicotine (1.4 times higher, p=0.002) and semivolatile furan yields (1.4 times higher, p<0.03), and a decrease in mainstream CO and pyrene yields (8.2 and 2.1 times lower, respectively, p<0.001) as compared with charcoal. Adding ice to the bowl resulted in higher furan yields for electric heating. Menthol yields were not different across the four conditions and averaged 0.16±0.03 mg/session. 2-Furaldehyde and 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furaldehyde yields were up to 230 and 3900 times higher, respectively, than those reported for cigarettes.
conclusionWaterpipe components used to heat the tobacco and water bowl preparation can significantly affect mainstream toxicant yields. Mainstream waterpipe tobacco smoke is a significant source of inhalation exposure to semivolatile furans with human carcinogenic and mutagenic potential. These data highlight the need for acute and chronic inhalation toxicity data for semivolatile furans and provide support for the establishment of limits governing sugar additives in waterpipe tobacco and educational campaigns linking waterpipe tobacco smoking behaviours with their associated harm.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.