Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31542572›Full record

ReviewBrain research2019

Human brain development through the lens of cerebral organoid models.

Madeline G Andrews, Tomasz J Nowakowski

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Brain research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.7field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  18. BCNNM: A Framework forFrontiers in computational neuroscience · 2020
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Madeline G AndrewsDepartment of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. Electronic address: Madeline.Andrews@ucsf.edu.
Tomasz J NowakowskiDepartment of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA. Electronic address: Tomasz.Nowakowski@ucsf.edu.
Chan Zuckerberg Initiative (United States) · USUniversity of California, San Francisco · US

Funding

The Psychiatric Cell Map Initiative: Connecting Genomics, Subcellular Networks, and Higher Order PhenotypesU01MH115747 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI KAMPMANN, MARTIN, KROGAN, NEVAN J · 2018 to 2022
$19.6M
Mapping Developmental Lineage Relationships in the Cerebral CortexRF1MH121268 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI NOWAKOWSKI, TOMASZ · 2019 to 2019
$2.1M
NIMH NIH HHS RF1 MH121268NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH115747
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The brain is one of the most complex organs in the body, which emerges from a relatively simple set of basic 'building blocks' during early development according to complex cellular and molecular events orchestrated through a set of inherited instructions. Innovations in stem cell technologies have enabled modelling of neural cells using two- and three-dimensional cultures. In particular, cerebral ('brain') organoids have taken the center stage of brain development models that have the potential for providing meaningful insight into human neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders. We review the current understanding of cellular events during human brain organogenesis, and the events occurring during cerebral organoid differentiation. We highlight the strengths and weaknesses of this experimental model system. In particular, we explain evidence that organoids can mimic many aspects of early neural development, including neural induction, patterning, and broad neurogenesis and gliogenesis programs, offering the opportunity to study genetic regulation of these processes in a human context. Several shortcomings of the current culture methods limit the utility of cerebral organoids to spontaneously give rise to many important cell types, and to model higher order features of tissue organization. We suggest that future studies aim to improve these features in order to make them better models for the study of laminar organization, circuit formation and how disruptions of these processes relate to disease.

Indexed as

AnimalsBrainCell DifferentiationHumansInduced Pluripotent Stem CellsModels, NeurologicalNeurogenesisNeuronsOrganogenesisOrganoidsBrain organoidsNeural development

Identifiers

PMID31542572
PMCPMC6887101
OpenAlexW2973521744

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.