ArticleScientific reports2019
Dopamine neuron induction and the neuroprotective effects of thyroid hormone derivatives.
Article in Scientific reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identifying potential repurposable medications for Parkinson's disease through Mendelian randomization analysis.Scientific reports · 2024Pooled it
- No causal relationship between thyroid function and Parkinson's disease: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Pooled it
- Thyroid Dysfunction and Risk of Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Aescin and rutin mitigate hyperthyroidism-induced multisystem dysfunction via antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms in a rat model.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The Role of Thyroid Hormones in Neurodegenerative Disorders: Opportunities and Challenges.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Review
- Exploring the relationships between clinical manifestations and sex hormones, thyroid hormones, and menstrual factors in female Parkinson's disease patients.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease: A Contribution to Cognitive Impairment?International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Psychotic symptoms in Chinese adolescent patients with major depressive disorder: prevalence and related endocrine clinical factors.BMC psychiatry · 2024Article
- Thyroid hormones mediate the impact of early-life stress on ventral tegmental area gene expression and behavior.Hormones and behavior · 2024Article
- The potential protective role of Parkinson's disease against hypothyroidism: co-localisation and bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Article
- Local Thyroid Hormone Action in Brain Development.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Systemic Metabolic Alteration Dependent on the Thyroid-Liver Axis in Early PD.Annals of neurology · 2023Article
- Relationship between thyroid hormones and central nervous system metabolism in physiological and pathological conditions.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2022Review
- Genetic correlation between thyroid hormones and Parkinson's disease.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2022Article
- Article
- Hypothyroidism and Diabetes-Related Dementia: Focused on Neuronal Dysfunction, Insulin Resistance, and Dyslipidemia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Roles of Transcription Factors in the Development and Reprogramming of the Dopaminergic Neurons.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- The Hypothalamic Pituitary Thyroid Axis and Sleep.Current opinion in endocrine and metabolic research · 2021Article
- Graves' disease presenting with hypomania and paranoia to the acute psychiatry service.BMJ case reports · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive movement disturbances caused by the selective loss of dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra. Despite the identification of the causal mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of PD, effective treatments remain elusive. In this study, we observed that a low level of fetal bovine serum (FBS) effectively induced DA neurons in rat neural precursor cells (NPCs) by enhancing nuclear receptor-related 1 protein (NURR1) expression. Among the various components of FBS, the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) were identified as key factors for the induction of DA neurons. Since an overdose of thyroid hormones can cause hyperthyroidism, we synthesized several thyroid hormone derivatives that can partially activate thyroid hormone receptors and induce the complete differentiation of NPCs into DA neurons. Two derivatives (#3 and #9) showed positive effects on the induction and maturation of DA neurons without showing significant affinity for the thyroid hormone receptor. They also effectively protected and restored DA neurons from neurotoxic insults. Taken together, these observations demonstrate that thyroid hormone derivatives can strongly induce DA neuron differentiation while avoiding excessive thyroid stimulation and might therefore be useful candidates for PD treatment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.