ArticleScience immunology2019
Nucleoside-modified mRNA encoding HSV-2 glycoproteins C, D, and E prevents clinical and subclinical genital herpes.
Article in Science immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
87 citing papers in PubMed, 120 citations in OpenAlex.
- HSV-2 gC2 mRNA immunization in mice protects by producing antibodies that bind immune evasion epitopes.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- An mRNA vaccine confers enhanced protection against herpes simplex virus through an IFN-I-dependent pathway.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Article
- Developments in genital herpes: progress in prevention and treatment.Current opinion in infectious diseases · 2026Review
- Accelerate the Highly Efficient Development of mRNA Vaccines Through Advanced Computational Methods.MedComm · 2026Review
- HSV-2 gE2/gI2 are immune evasion molecules that bind IgG Fc to inhibit antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Review
- Review
- Biologic drug development for treatment and prevention of sexually transmitted infections.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- mRNA-LNP vaccines against hepatitis B virus induce protective immune responses in preventive and chronic mouse challenge models.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Article
- An immunoinformatics approach in designing high-coverage mRNA multi-epitope vaccine against multivariant SARS-CoV-2.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2025Article
- The Path Towards Effective Long-Lasting Tissue-Targeted Prime/Pull/Keep Herpes Simplex Therapeutic Vaccines.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Harnessing the Potential of mRNA Vaccines Against Infectious Diseases.Microbial biotechnology · 2025Review
- Clinical development of therapeutic mRNA applications.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Review
- Article
- Article
- Herpes simplex virus 1 envelope glycoprotein C shields glycoprotein D to protect virions from entry-blocking antibodies.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- The immunogenic potential of an optimized mRNA lipid nanoparticle formulation carrying sequences from virus and protozoan antigens.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- Tackling cutaneous herpes simplex virus disease with topical immunomodulators-a call to action.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Immunogenicity and Protective Efficacy of an mRNA Vaccine Targeting HSV-2 UL41 in Mice.Vaccines · 2025Article
27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The goals of a genital herpes vaccine are to prevent painful genital lesions and reduce or eliminate subclinical infection that risks transmission to partners and newborns. We evaluated a trivalent glycoprotein vaccine containing herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) entry molecule glycoprotein D (gD2) and two immune evasion molecules: glycoprotein C (gC2), which binds complement C3b, and glycoprotein E (gE2), which blocks immunoglobulin G (IgG) Fc activities. The trivalent vaccine was administered as baculovirus proteins with CpG and alum, or the identical amino acids were expressed using nucleoside-modified mRNA in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). Both formulations completely prevented genital lesions in mice and guinea pigs. Differences emerged when evaluating subclinical infection. The trivalent protein vaccine prevented dorsal root ganglia infection, and day 2 and 4 vaginal cultures were negative in 23 of 30 (73%) mice compared with 63 of 64 (98%) in the mRNA group (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.