ReviewMedicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)2019
The Controversial History of Hormone Replacement Therapy.
Review in Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 108 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
108 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 290 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Effects of transdermal versus oral hormone replacement therapy in postmenopause: a systematic review.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2023Pooled it
- Combined effect of physical exercise and hormone replacement therapy on cardiovascular and metabolic health in postmenopausal women: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica · 2023Pooled it
- The Effect of Vitamin E Supplementation in Postmenopausal Women-A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Consumption of flavonoids and risk of hormone-related cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Nutrition journal · 2022Pooled it
- The barriers and enablers to accessing sexual health and sexual well-being services for midlife women (aged 40-65 years) in high-income countries: A mixed-methods systematic review.Women's health (London, England)Pooled it
- The efficacy and safety of Femoston combined with Baoqing granules for kidney Yin deficiency in perimenopausal women: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Trial
- Evaluation of the Potential Beneficial Effects ofNutrients · 2024Trial
- Efficacy ofNutrients · 2024Trial
- Effects of Boron on the Lipid Metabolism, Estradiol Concentration, Uterine Morphology and ERα Expression in Ovariectomized Rats.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Is Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) Misnamed? Rethinking Its Role in Menopause as a Systemic Regulator of Bone, Brain, Metabolism, and Aging.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Trends in estrogen replacement therapy use among younger gynecologic cancer survivors, 2013-2021.Gynecologic oncology reports · 2026Article
- Hippocampal neuronal progranulin mediates estrogen‑deficiency‑induced affective vulnerability and lysosomal-autophagic dysfunction.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Menopausal Hormone Therapy and Cardiovascular Risk: Current Evidence and Clinical Implications.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Effect of the use of hormonal replacement therapy on breast cancer prognosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Oncology letters · 2026Article
- Estren prevents beta-amyloid-induced basal forebrain cholinergic loss and long-term spatial memory deficits in aged female mice.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Optimizing Healthspan in Women: A New Paradigm for Successful Aging through the Menopausal Transition.Journal of menopausal medicine · 2026Review
- Global, regional, and national burden of chronic respiratory diseases among perimenopausal women, 1990-2021: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Then and Now: What We Have Learned From the WHI.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Review
- Review
48 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The history of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) started in the 1960s, with very high popularity in the 1990s. The first clinical trials on HRT and chronic postmenopausal conditions were started in the USA in the late 1990s. After the announcement of the first results of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) in 2002, which showed that HRT had more detrimental than beneficial effects, HRT use dropped. The negative results of the study received wide publicity, creating panic among some users and new guidance for doctors on prescribing HRT. The clear message from the media was that HRT had more risks than benefits for all women. In the following years, a reanalysis of the WHI trial was performed, and new studies showed that the use of HRT in younger women or in early postmenopausal women had a beneficial effect on the cardiovascular system, reducing coronary disease and all-cause mortality. Notwithstanding this, the public opinion on HRT has not changed yet, leading to important negative consequences for women's health and quality of life.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.