ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2019
Personal and Clinical Vaginal Lubricants: Impact on Local Vaginal Microenvironment and Implications for Epithelial Cell Host Response and Barrier Function.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Chlorhexidine Gluconate Versus Povidone-iodine on the Vaginal Microbiome as Vaginal Operative Preparation During Gynecologic Surgeries
Effects of Flourish HEC Vaginal Care System in Postpartum Women Undergoing Pelvic Physical Therapy for Birth-Related Pelvic Floor Disorders
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interventions Preventing Vaginitis, Vaginal Atrophy after Brachytherapy or Radiotherapy Due to Malignant Tumors of the Female Reproductive Organs-A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Lactic acid-containing products for bacterial vaginosis and their impact on the vaginal microbiota: A systematic review.PloS one · 2021Pooled it
- Vulvodynia (chronic vulval pain).BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2026Article
- The neovaginal microbiota, symptoms, and local immune correlates in transfeminine individuals with penile inversion vaginoplasty.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Artificial neural network guided optimization of tenofovir and Cyanovirin-N multipurpose preventive hydrogel formulation developed using the Box Behnken design model.Pharmaceutical science advances · 2025Article
- Bacterial Vaginosis Incidence Following a Single Hyperosmolal Vaginal Lubricant Exposure: A Comparison of Two Observational Cohorts.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2025Observational
- Prevalence of Amsel-Defined Bacterial Vaginosis Before and After Transvaginal Ultrasound With Lubricant Application.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2025Article
- Assessment of the vaginal microbiota before and after use of hyperosmolal lubricant during transvaginal ultrasound.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2025Article
- Vaginally-delivered fast-dissolving antibody tablets (FDAT) for on-demand non-hormonal contraception and multi-purpose protection.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2025Article
- Inferring stability and persistence in the vaginal microbiome: A stochastic model of ecological dynamics.Research square · 2024Article
- Inferring stability and persistence in the vaginal microbiome: A stochastic model of ecological dynamics.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Gynecological concerns and vaginal practices and exposures among transfeminine individuals who have undergone vaginoplasty.The journal of sexual medicine · 2023Article
- Bacterial vaginosis: a review of approaches to treatment and prevention.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2023Review
- A qualitative exploration of internet forum discussions surrounding female sexual function for individuals with Sjögren's syndrome.PloS one · 2023Article
- The Impact of Over-The-Counter Lactic Acid Containing Vaginal Gels on the Integrity and Inflammatory State of the Vaginal EpitheliumFrontiers in reproductive health · 2022Article
- Considerations for Choosing Soluble Immune Markers to Determine Safety of Novel Vaginal Products.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2022Review
- Impact of vaginal douching products on vaginal Lactobacillus, Escherichia coli and epithelial immune responses.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Vaginal cytokine profile and microbiota before and after lubricant use compared with condomless vaginal sex: a preliminary observational study.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Observational
- The interplay between the vaginal microbiome and innate immunity in the focus of predictive, preventive, and personalized medical approach to combat HPV-induced cervical cancer.The EPMA journal · 2021Review
- Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundA majority of US women report past use of vaginal lubricants to enhance the ease and comfort of intimate sexual activities. Lubricants are also administered frequently in clinical practice. We sought to investigate if hyperosmolar lubricants are toxic to the vaginal mucosal epithelia.
methodsWe tested a panel of commercially available lubricants across a range of osmolalities in human monolayer vaginal epithelial cell (VEC) culture and a robust 3-dimensional (3-D) VEC model. The impact of each lubricant on cellular morphology, cytotoxicity, barrier targets, and the induction of inflammatory mediators was examined. Conceptrol, containing nonoxynol-9, was used as a cytotoxicity control.
resultsWe observed a loss of intercellular connections, and condensation of chromatin, with increasing lubricant osmolality. EZ Jelly, K-Y Jelly, Astroglide, and Conceptrol induced cytotoxicity in both models at 24 hours. There was a strong positive correlation (r = 0.7326) between lubricant osmolality and cytotoxicity in monolayer VECs, and cell viability was reduced in VECs exposed to all the lubricants tested for 24 hours, except McKesson. Notably, select lubricants altered cell viability, barrier targets, and inflammatory mediators in 3-D VECs.
conclusionsThese findings indicate that hyperosmolar lubricants alter VEC morphology and are selectively cytotoxic, inflammatory, and barrier disrupting in the 3-D VEC model.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.