Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31537789›Full record

ArticleNature communications2019

Harnessing calcineurin-FK506-FKBP12 crystal structures from invasive fungal pathogens to develop antifungal agents.

Praveen R Juvvadi, David Fox, Benjamin G Bobay, Michael J Hoy, Sophie M C Gobeil, Ronald A Venters, Zanetta Chang, Jackie J Lin, Anna Floyd Averette, D Christopher Cole and 12 more

Erratum issuedOpen access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 63 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
63citing papers in PubMed
7.5field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

63 citing papers in PubMed, 122 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  3. In Silico Analysis of Potential Stabilizer Binding Sites at Protein-RNA Interfaces.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2026
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  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Recent innovations and challenges in the treatment of fungal infections.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Drug to genome to drug: a computational large-scale chemogenomics screening for novel drug candidates against sporotrichosis.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2024
    Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Review

3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

22 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.

Praveen R JuvvadiDivision of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA. praveen.juvvadi@duke.edu.
David FoxBeryllium Discovery Corp., 7869 NE Day Road West, Bainbridge Island, WA, 98110, USA.
Benjamin G BobayDuke University NMR Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
Michael J HoyDepartment of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
Sophie M C GobeilDepartment of Biochemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0057-2477
Ronald A VentersDuke University NMR Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
Zanetta ChangDepartment of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
Jackie J LinDepartment of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
Anna Floyd AveretteDepartment of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
D Christopher ColeDivision of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
Blake C BarringtonDivision of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
Joshua D WheatonDepartment of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2785-3463
Maria CiofaniDepartment of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6472-5260
Michael TrzossAmplyx Pharmaceuticals, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA.
Xiaoming LiAmplyx Pharmaceuticals, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA.
Soo Chan LeeSouth Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7792-5947
Ying-Lien ChenDepartment of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1966-470X
Mitchell MutzAmplyx Pharmaceuticals, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA.
Leonard D SpicerDuke University NMR Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
Maria A SchumacherDepartment of Biochemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
Joseph HeitmanDepartment of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
William J SteinbachDivision of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA. bill.steinbach@duke.edu.
Duke Medical Center · USDuke University · USAmplyx Pharmaceuticals (United States) · USCenter for Infectious Disease Research · USGenesys (United States) · USNational Taiwan University · TWTexas Center for Infectious Disease · US

Funding

MEDICAL SCIENTIST TRAINING PROGRAMT32GM007171 · NIGMS · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI KONTOS, CHRISTOPHER D · 1985 to 2021
$31.2M
Trehalose Pathway for Antifungal Targets and InhibitorsP01AI104533 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI PERFECT, JOHN R. · 2015 to 2019
$9.0M
Deciphering fundamental biological processes involving protein-nucleic acid interactions at the molecular levelR35GM130290 · NIGMS · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI Maria Schumacher · 2019 to 2026
$4.9M
Basic Immunology Training ProgramT32AI052077 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI KRANGEL, MICHAEL S · 2002 to 2024
$4.2M
The role of AP-1 family transcription factor networks in regulating TH17 cell effector identityR01GM115474 · NIGMS · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI CIOFANI, MARIA · 2016 to 2024
$3.2M
Structural Biological Development of Fungal-Specific Calcineurin InhibitorsR01AI112595 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI HEITMAN, JOSEPH, SCHUMACHER, MARIA · 2014 to 2017
$2.5M
Structural Biological Development of Fungal-Specific Calcineurin InhibitorsR56AI112595 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI HEITMAN, JOSEPH, HONG, JIYONG · 2020 to 2020
$669k
Developing a New Therapeutic for the Treatment of Invasive AspergillosisR43AI106235 · NIAID · AMPLYX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. · PI MUTZ, MITCHELL W · 2013 to 2014
$599k
A Structural Approach for Treating Drug Resistant Fungal PathogensR43AI098300 · NIAID · AMPLYX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. · PI MUTZ, MITCHELL W · 2012 to 2013
$558k
NIAID NIH HHS HHSN272200700057CNIAID NIH HHS HHSN272201200025CNIAID NIH HHS HHSN272201700059CNIAID NIH HHS P01 AI104533NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI112595NIAID NIH HHS R43 AI098300NIAID NIH HHS R43 AI106235NIAID NIH HHS R56 AI112595NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI052077NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM115474NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM130290NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007171
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Calcineurin is important for fungal virulence and a potential antifungal target, but compounds targeting calcineurin, such as FK506, are immunosuppressive. Here we report the crystal structures of calcineurin catalytic (CnA) and regulatory (CnB) subunits complexed with FK506 and the FK506-binding protein (FKBP12) from human fungal pathogens (Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans and Coccidioides immitis). Fungal calcineurin complexes are similar to the mammalian complex, but comparison of fungal and human FKBP12 (hFKBP12) reveals conformational differences in the 40s and 80s loops. NMR analysis, molecular dynamic simulations, and mutations of the A. fumigatus CnA/CnB-FK506-FKBP12-complex identify a Phe88 residue, not conserved in hFKBP12, as critical for binding and inhibition of fungal calcineurin. These differences enable us to develop a less immunosuppressive FK506 analog, APX879, with an acetohydrazine substitution of the C22-carbonyl of FK506. APX879 exhibits reduced immunosuppressive activity and retains broad-spectrum antifungal activity and efficacy in a murine model of invasive fungal infection.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntifungal AgentsAspergillosisAspergillus fumigatusBinding SitesCalcineurinCalcineurin InhibitorsCandida albicansCells, CulturedCoccidioidesCryptococcosisCryptococcus neoformansCrystallography, X-RayDrug DiscoveryFemaleMaleAntifungal AgentsCalcineurinCalcineurin InhibitorsTacrolimusTacrolimus Binding Protein 1A

Identifiers

PMID31537789
PMCPMC6753081
OpenAlexW2973294764

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.