Trial reportBlood2019
Minimal residual disease undetectable by next-generation sequencing predicts improved outcome in CLL after chemoimmunotherapy.
Trial report in Blood, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
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- Minimal Residual Disease as a Biological Trait: Rethinking Disease Persistence in Hematologic Malignancies.European journal of haematology · 2026Review
- Post CAR-T Measurable Residual Disease Monitoring in Mantle Cell Lymphoma Enables Early Detection of Disease Relapse.American journal of hematology · 2026Article
- From Time-Limited Therapy to Treatment-Free Observation: The Evolving Role of MRD in CLL Management.European journal of haematology · 2026Review
- Review
- NGS-based measurable residual disease in long-term progression-free CLL survivors following FCR therapy.Blood advances · 2026Article
- Interpreting next-generation immunosequencing results in children and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Blood advances · 2026Review
- Clonal haematopoiesis in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: Biology, inflammaging and clinical implications in the era of targeted therapy.Clinical and translational medicine · 2026Review
- Clonal Burden, Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain Variable Gene Somatic Hypermutations, and Immunoglobulin Gene Repertoire in Korean Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Assessed by Next-generation Sequencing.Annals of laboratory medicine · 2026Article
- An odyssey of monoclonal gammopathies: focusing on precursors and the progression from MGUS and SMM to multiple Myeloma, with a brief overview of novel therapeutic strategies.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- Is CLL curable?HemaSphere · 2026Article
- Research Progress on the KMT2A-AFF3 Fusion Gene in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Mechanisms, Clinical Implications, and Therapeutic Strategies.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Developing MRD as an early endpoint for accelerated approval in CLL.Seminars in hematology · 2025Review
- Richter Transformation in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Current Treatment Challenges and Evolving Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The Impact of Minimal Residual Disease Measurement in the Management of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.Cancers · 2025Review
- Liquid Biopsy in B and T Cell Lymphomas: From Bench to Bedside.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Flow Cytometric MRD Detection in Selected Mature B-Cell Malignancies.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) who achieve blood or bone marrow (BM) undetectable minimal residual disease (U-MRD) status after first-line fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab (FCR) have prolonged progression-free survival (PFS), when assessed by an assay with sensitivity 10-4 (MRD4). Despite reaching U-MRD4, many patients, especially those with unmutated IGHV, subsequently relapse, suggesting residual disease <10-4 threshold and the need for more sensitive MRD evaluation. MRD evaluation by next-generation sequencing (NGS) has a sensitivity of 10-6 (MRD6). To better assess the depth of remission following first-line FCR treatment, we used NGS (Adaptive Biotechnologies Corporation) to assess MRD in 62 patients, all of whom had BM U-MRD by multicolor flow cytometry (sensitivity 10-4) at end-of-FCR treatment. Samples from these patients included 57 BM samples, 29 peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples, and 32 plasma samples. Only 27.4% of the 62 patients had U-MRD by NGS. Rate of U-MRD by NGS was lowest in BM (25%), compared with PBMC (55%) or plasma (75%). No patient with U-MRD by NGS in BM or PBMC was MRD+ in plasma. Patients with mutated IGHV were more likely to have U-MRD by NGS at the end of treatment (EOT; 41% vs 13%, P = .02) than those with unmutated IGHV. Median follow-up was 81.6 months. Patients with U-MRD at EOT had superior PFS vs MRD+ patients, regardless of sample type assessed (BM, P = .02, median not reached [NR] vs 67 months; PBMC, P = .02, median NR vs 74 months). More sensitive MRD6 testing increases prognostic discrimination over MRD4 testing.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.