Trial reportStroke2019
Blood Pressure Variability and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Prior Stroke: A Secondary Analysis of PRoFESS.
Trial report in Stroke, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Impact of Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT) on Functional Ambulation in Stroke Patients-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Association Between Visit-to-Visit Blood Pressure Variability and Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation in Hypertensive Patients: A Post-Hoc Analysis of the SPRINT Trial.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2025Trial
- Blood pressure during long-term cilostazol-based dual antiplatelet therapy after stroke: a post hoc analysis of the CSPS.com trial.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2024Trial
- Allopurinol and blood pressure variability following ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack: a secondary analysis of XILO-FIST.Journal of human hypertension · 2024Trial
- [Early mean arterial pressure variability and in-hospital mortality from severe subarachnoid hemorrhage: a U-shaped association based on MIMIC-IV and eICU-CRD data].Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2026Article
- Very short-term blood pressure variability by pulse transit time-based measurements during night-time predicts future cardiovascular events in patients with ischemic heart disease.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2026Article
- Blood Pressure Variability in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Current Evidence, Measurement Challenges, and Future Directions.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2026Review
- Asian expert consensus on high-quality hypertension management.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Review
- Within-visit and short- and long-term between-visit blood pressure variability as predictors of cardiovascular events and mortality in elderly Chinese.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Article
- Optimizing blood pressure control in multimorbid hypertensive patients: insights from a real-world taiwanese cohort.Journal of hypertension · 2026Article
- Intensified blood pressure control during hospital admission and on discharge: a systematic review and meta-analysis of retrospective cohort studies.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Simultaneous measurement of coronary sinus flow and myocardial flow reserve using hybridThe international journal of cardiovascular imaging · 2025Article
- The Association Between Short-Term Blood Pressure Variability and Inflammation in Healthy Young Adults.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2025Article
- Stenotic Lesions of the Intracranial Arteries in Relation to the Average Level and Variability of the Home Blood Pressure: A Cross-Sectional Study.American journal of hypertension · 2025Article
- Observational
- Blood Pressure Variability and Outcome Predictors for Traumatic Brain Injury Patients with Diffuse Axonal Injury: A Retrospective Cohort Study.The western journal of emergency medicine · 2025Article
- 2025 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2025Review
- Association between obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome and arteriosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: mediating effect of blood pressure.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Beyond Anticoagulation: Limitations of Oral Anticoagulants in Preventing Stroke Recurrence in Atrial Fibrillation.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Blood pressure management to prevent recurrent stroke: current evidence and perspectives.NPJ cardiovascular health · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Background and Purpose- Every year in the United States, almost 185 000 ischemic strokes occur in patients with a prior stroke. Recurrent stroke has significantly higher morbidity and mortality. Among modifiable risk factors for recurrent stroke, hypertension is the most prevalent. Reducing systolic blood pressure is standard of care for secondary stroke prevention. Recent literature suggests that increased blood pressure variability (BPV) is associated with primary stroke, although studies have not convincingly shown that it is associated with recurrent stroke, which was the goal of this analysis. Methods- We conducted a secondary analysis of 17 916 patients in the PRoFESS (Prevention Regimen for Effectively Avoiding Second Strokes) trial, which is the largest trial of patients with potential recurrent stroke. We calculated BPV and evaluated its effect on recurrent stroke (composite and stratified by ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke), major cardiovascular events (death from cardiovascular causes, recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction, or new or worsening heart failure), and all-cause death. Results- Both systolic and diastolic BPV were associated with recurrent stroke, major cardiovascular events, and all-cause death. The association with stroke was significant for ischemic, but not hemorrhagic, stroke. For every 10-point increase in BPV (systolic SD, range =0-54.2), the hazard ratio for a recurrent ischemic stroke was 1.15 (95% CI, 1.02-1.32;
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.