Observational studyPloS one2019
Characteristics of prescription in 29 Level 3 Neonatal Wards over a 2-year period (2017-2018). An inventory for future research.
Observational study in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guideline for the management of pediatric off-label use of drugs in China (2021).BMC pediatrics · 2022Guideline
- Pooled it
- Paracetamol as analgesic and risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely preterm infants: a secondary analysis of the BeNeDuctus trial.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Antibiotic overuse in children with viral infections: lessons from the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.BMJ paediatrics open · 2026Article
- Management of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm neonates ≤32 weeks: a national survey of physician practices in Indian NICUs.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Neonatology: First Exposure to Antibiotics from the Ethical Perspective of Parents, Physicians, and Regulators.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Estimated equipotent conversion ratios of morphine, sufentanil and fentanyl as continuous infusion in neonatal intensive care units: a pharmacoepidemiologic cohort study.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2025Observational
- Prescriptions of anti-reflux drugs in neonatology and neonatal intensive care units: A large multicentre observational study (2014-2022).British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2024Observational
- Diuretic drug utilization in neonates: a French prescription database analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Prescribing Patterns in Pediatric General Wards and Their Association with Prescribing Errors: A Retrospective Observational Study.Drugs - real world outcomes · 2023Article
- Early neurodevelopmental outcomes of extreme preterm infants exposed to paracetamol: a retrospective cohort study.Pediatric research · 2023Observational
- Acetaminophen for the patent ductus arteriosus: has safety been adequately demonstrated?Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2023Review
- Paraben exposure through drugs in the neonatal intensive care unit: a regional cohort study.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Postnatal corticosteroid exposure in very preterm infants: A French cohort study.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Racing against time: leveraging preclinical models to understand pulmonary susceptibility to perinatal acetaminophen exposures.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2022Review
- Frequencies, Modalities, Doses and Duration of Computerized Prescriptions for Sedative, Analgesic, Anesthetic and Paralytic Drugs in Neonates Requiring Intensive Care: A Prospective Pharmacoepidemiologic Cohort Study in 30 French NICUs From 2014 to 2020.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Prescription of Aminoglycosides in 23 French Neonatal Intensive Care Units.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Use of diuretics in the neonatal period.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2021Review
- Acetaminophen and the Developing Lung: Could There Be Lifelong Consequences?The Journal of pediatrics · 2021Review
- Drug exposure for PDA closure in France: a prospective, cohort-based, analysis.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2020Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
39 authors at 20 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThe primary objective of this study is to determine the current level of patient medication exposure in Level 3 Neonatal Wards (L3NW). The secondary objective is to evaluate in the first month of life the rate of medication prescription not cited in the Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC). A database containing all the medication prescriptions is collected as part of a prescription benchmarking program in the L3NW. MATERIAL AND
methodsThe research is a two-year observational cohort study (2017-2018) with retrospective analysis of medications prescribed in 29 French L3NW. Seventeen L3NW are present since the beginning of the study and 12 have been progressively included. All neonatal units used the same computerized system of prescription, and all prescription data were completely de-identified within each hospital before being stored in a common data warehouse.
resultsThe study population includes 27,382 newborns. Two hundred and sixty-one different medications (International Nonproprietary Names, INN) were prescribed. Twelve INN (including paracetamol) were prescribed for at least 10% of patients, 55 for less than 10% but at least 1% and 194 to less than 1%. The lowest gestational ages (GA) were exposed to the greatest number of medications (18.0 below 28 weeks of gestation (WG) to 4.1 above 36 WG) (p<0.0001). In addition, 69.2% of the 351 different combinations of an medication INN and a route of administration have no indication for the first month of life according to the French SmPC. Ninety-five percent of premature infants with GA less than 32 weeks received at least one medication not cited in SmPC.
conclusionNeonates remain therapeutic orphans. The consequences of polypharmacy in L3NW should be quickly assessed, especially in the most immature infants.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.