SynthesisPsychological medicine2020
The Maudsley environmental risk score for psychosis.
Synthesis in Psychological medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Environmental risk factors for schizophrenia spectrum disorders around the globe: a mapping review of the literature.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of Obstetric Complications in Subjects at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica · 2025Pooled it
- Environmental Risk Factors in Bipolar Disorder and Psychotic Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2021Pooled it
- The exposome and inflammatory bowel disease: a framework for primary and primordial prevention.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- Psychosis Polyrisk Score and Polygenic Risk Score to Improve Detection and Prognosis in Individuals at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis: Model Development and Internal Validation.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2026Article
- Impact of Rural Dwelling on Emergency Department Visits for Individuals with Psychotic Disorders in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2026Article
- Environmental risk score as a predictor for 25-year symptom and functional trajectories in first episode psychosis.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Cognitive reserve in non-affective first-episode psychosis: contributions of polygenic scores, early clinical features, and environment.Psychological medicine · 2026Article
- Association between the Korea-Polyenvironmental Risk Score and Clinical Outcomes in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2026Article
- Multimodal prediction of psychotic-like experiences using elastic net modeling: external validation in a clinical sample.Psychological medicine · 2025Article
- Combining the Risk: The Poly-Environmental Risk Score and Psychotic Symptoms in Adolescents.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2025Article
- Polygenic and Polyenvironment Interplay in Schizophrenia-Spectrum Disorder and Affective Psychosis; the EUGEI First Episode Study.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2025Article
- Evaluating the Exposome Score for Schizophrenia in a Transdiagnostic Psychosis Cohort: Associations With Psychosis Risk, Symptom Severity, and Personality Traits.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2025Observational
- Recent findings and future directions for the intersection of genetic and environmental contributions to schizophrenia.Genomic psychiatry : advancing science from genes to society · 2025Article
- Associations of polygenic risk score, environmental factors, and their interactions with the risk of schizophrenia spectrum disorders.Psychological medicine · 2025Article
- Molecular and micro-architectural mapping of gray matter alterations in psychosis.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Evaluation of Morphometric Findings of Corpus Callosum in Schizophrenia Patients with Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Comparison with Healthy Individuals.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Cognitive presentation at psychosis onset through premorbid deterioration and exposure to environmental risk factors.Psychological medicine · 2025Article
- Ketogenic therapy for schizophrenia: evidence, mechanisms, and clinical perspectives.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Impacts of Polyenvironmental Factors on DNA Methylation in Patients With Psychosis.Schizophrenia bulletin open · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRisk prediction algorithms have long been used in health research and practice (e.g. prediction of cardiovascular disease and diabetes). However, similar tools have not been developed for mental health. For example, for psychotic disorders, attempts to sum environmental risk are rare, unsystematic and dictated by available data. In light of this, we sought to develop a valid, easy to use measure of the aggregate environmental risk score (ERS) for psychotic disorders.
methodsWe reviewed the literature to identify well-replicated and validated environmental risk factors for psychosis that combine a significant effect and large-enough prevalence. Pooled estimates of relative risks were taken from the largest available meta-analyses. We devised a method of scoring the level of exposure to each risk factor to estimate ERS. Relative risks were rounded as, due to the heterogeneity of the original studies, risk effects are imprecisely measured.
resultsSix risk factors (ethnic minority status, urbanicity, high paternal age, obstetric complications, cannabis use and childhood adversity) were used to generate the ERS. A distribution for different levels of risk based on simulated data showed that most of the population would be at low/moderate risk with a small minority at increased environmental risk for psychosis.
conclusionsThis is the first systematic approach to develop an aggregate measure of environmental risk for psychoses in asymptomatic individuals. This can be used as a continuous measure of liability to disease; mostly relevant to areas where the original studies took place. Its predictive ability will improve with the collection of additional, population-specific data.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.