Observational studyClinical drug investigation2019
Reduction of Immune Activation and Partial Recovery of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B-Induced Cytokine Production After Switching to an Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor-Containing Regimen: Results from an Observational Cohort Study.
Observational study in Clinical drug investigation, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Benefits of INSTI-Based Regimens in a Real-World Setting of People Living With HIV-1 in Colombia.International journal of microbiology · 2025Article
- Do Combination Antiretroviral Therapy Regimens for HIV Infection Feature Diverse T-Cell Phenotypes and Inflammatory Profiles?Open forum infectious diseases · 2020Review
- A comparative analysis of unintegrated HIV-1 DNA measurement as a potential biomarker of the cellular reservoir in the blood of patients controlling and non-controlling viral replication.Journal of translational medicine · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectiveDespite integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI)-containing regimens now being considered a preferred option for both initial therapy and switching strategies in virologically suppressed patients, their effects on lymphocyte phenotypes and functions in the course of effective combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) are still unclear. Thus, we investigated the effect of a 24-week elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (EVG/c/FTC/TDF) regimen on the T cell compartment and HIV reservoirs in HIV-infected patients switching from a suppressive protease inhibitor-based regimen.
methodsThirty HIV-positive patients receiving suppressive tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (TDF + FTC) (for a median of 5 years) in association with either darunavir/ritonavir (DVR/r) (47%) or atazanavir/ritonavir (ATV/r) (53%) were followed up for 24 weeks after switching to EVG/c/FTC/TDF. At baseline (week 0 [W0]) and after 12 (W12) and 24 (W24) weeks we analyzed HLA-DR (human leukocyte antigen-DR isotype)/CD38/Ki67/CCR7 (C-C chemokine receptor type 7)/CD45RA/CD127/PD-1 (programmed cell death-1) on CD4/CD8, interferon (IFN)-γ/interleukin (IL)-2 after HIV/Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) exposure (flow cytometry); total, integrated, and unintegrated HIV-DNA; and residual low-level HIV viremia (quantitative polymerase chain reaction [qPCR]).
resultsWhile EVG/c/FTC/TDF introduction resulted in a stable CD4+ and CD8+ count, residual low-level HIV-RNA viremia, and HIV reservoirs, we observed a significant reduction in both activated CD4+ (p = 0.016) and CD8+ (p = 0.048) T cells, coupled with an increase in IL-2 and IFN-γ release by CD4+ and CD8+ effector memory T cells, and a decrease in cytokine production by terminally differentiated CD8+ T cells following SEB exposure. Furthermore, the magnitude of the reduction of activated HLA-DR + CD38 + CD8+ T cells (r = - 0.63, p = 0.014) inversely correlates with the amount of total HIV-DNA at W24.
conclusionsOur data show a favorable effect of EVG/c/FTC/TDF switch to preserve immune activation-driven damage to T cell homeostasis, restore the multifunctional properties of effector T cells, and possibly contain cell-associated HIV viral burden in already virologically suppressed patients.
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