ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2019
Strategies in Developing Immunotherapy for Pancreatic Cancer: Recognizing and Correcting Multiple Immune "Defects" in the Tumor Microenvironment.
Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- RASIP1-positive TECs in pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a potential novel type of endothelial cells correlated with "hot" tumors.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Radiomic features of CECT and SUVmax of dual-tracer PET/CT reveal PD-L1 spatial heterogeneity in PDAC.Cancer imaging : the official publication of the International Cancer Imaging Society · 2026Article
- ENO1-mediated deoxycytidine synthesis and gemcitabine resistance by stabilizing RRM2 in pancreatic cancer.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- Integrative molecular-radiopathomic characterization of AIRE-driven immune subtypes in bladder cancer.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
- Review
- Disruption of cell-intrinsic PCSK9 enhances the antitumor efficacy of CD8Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs): Constructing an immunosuppressive microenvironment bridge for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).Cancer pathogenesis and therapy · 2025Review
- Tumor cell-derived osteopontin promotes tumor fibrosis indirectly via tumor-associated macrophages.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Perineural invasion and the "cold" tumor microenvironment in pancreatic cancer: mechanisms of crosstalk and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Power-Doppler-based NH002 microbubble sonoporation with chemotherapy relieves hypoxia and enhances the efficacy of chemotherapy and immunotherapy for pancreatic tumors.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- In pancreatic cancer patients, chemotherapy reshapes the gene expression profile and antigen receptor repertoire of T lymphocytes and enhances their effector response to tumor-associated antigens.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Inhibition of insulin-like growth factors increases production of CXCL9/10 by macrophages and fibroblasts and facilitates CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Role of Immune Microenvironment in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Could It Be Considered a Predictor of Prognosis?Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2023Article
- Overcoming resistance of stroma-rich pancreatic cancer with focal adhesion kinase inhibitor combined with G47Δ and immune checkpoint inhibitors.Molecular therapy oncolytics · 2023Article
- Pancreatic Organoids: A Frontier Method for Investigating Pancreatic-Related Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Recent Advances in Well-Designed Therapeutic Nanosystems for the Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Treatment Dilemma.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- ncRNA-mediated upregulation ofFrontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Construction and comprehensive analysis of a novel prognostic signature associated with pyroptosis molecular subtypes in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Lipid Nanoparticles Delivering Constitutively Active STING mRNA to Stimulate Antitumor Immunity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
With the advent of cancer immunotherapies, significant advances have been made in the treatment of many tumor types including melanoma, lung cancer, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, renal cell carcinoma, bladder cancer, etc. However, similar success has not been observed with the treatment of pancreatic cancer and all other immunogenic "cold" tumors. This prompts the need for a better understanding of the complexity of the cold tumor microenvironment (TME) of pancreatic cancer and what are truly the "defects" in the TME making the cancer unresponsive to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Here we discuss four major immune defects that can be recognized in pancreatic cancer, including lack of high-quality effector intratumoral T cells, heterogeneous dense stroma as a barrier to effector immune cells infiltrating into the tumor, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and failure of the T cells to accomplish tumor elimination. We also discuss potential strategies for pancreatic cancer treatment that work by correcting these immune defects.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.