ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2019
Maternal viral infection causes global alterations in porcine fetal microglia.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Microglial maturation across human and mouse as a reference for interpreting large-animal models of perinatal brain injury.Pediatric research · 2026Review
- The association of in utero SARS-CoV-2 exposure on neurodevelopmental outcomes at 12 and 22 months.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Article
- Cerebellar hypomyelination, white matter vacuolization, and prolonged presence of atypical porcine pestivirus in pigs with congenital tremor type A-II.Veterinary pathology · 2026Article
- Exploring epigenetic modifications following maternal immune activation: a focus on cross-species translational potential.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Microglia as critical mediators linking perinatal immune stress to mental health trajectories.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Gestational benzene exposure programs sex-specific neuroimmune responses to postnatal viral infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Epigenetic, ribosomal, and immune dysregulation in paediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Neurogenesis decreases in the offspring of mothers infected with influenza A virus.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Review
- Review
- At the crux of maternal immune activation: Viruses, microglia, microbes, and IL-17A.Immunological reviews · 2022Review
- A New Long Noncoding RNA, MAHAT, Inhibits Replication of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus by Recruiting DDX6 To Bind toJournal of virology · 2022Article
- Pregnancy-induced maternal microchimerism shapes neurodevelopment and behavior in mice.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Differential Brain and Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteomic Responses to Acute Prenatal Endotoxin Exposure.Molecular neurobiology · 2022Article
- Astroglial Hemichannels and Pannexons: The Hidden Link between Maternal Inflammation and Neurological Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Interacting impact of maternal inflammatory response and stress on the amygdala transcriptome of pigs.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2021Article
- Microglia-Mediated Neurodegeneration in Perinatal Brain Injuries.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- Greater Number of Microglia in Telencephalic Proliferative Zones of Human and Nonhuman Primate Compared with Other Vertebrate Species.Cerebral cortex communications · 2021Article
- Lasting and Sex-Dependent Impact of Maternal Immune Activation on Molecular Pathways of the Amygdala.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2020Article
- Long-Lasting Impact of Maternal Immune Activation and Interaction With a Second Immune Challenge on Pig Behavior.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Maternal infections during pregnancy are associated with increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders, although the precise mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Previously, we established a maternal immune activation (MIA) model using swine, which results in altered social behaviors of piglet offspring. These behavioral abnormalities occurred in the absence of microglia priming. Thus, we examined fetal microglial activity during prenatal development in response to maternal infection with live porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. Fetuses were obtained by cesarean sections performed 7 and 21 d postinoculation (dpi). MIA fetuses had reduced brain weights at 21 dpi compared to controls. Furthermore, MIA microglia increased expression of major histocompatibility complex class II that was coupled with reduced phagocytic and chemotactic activity compared to controls. High-throughput gene-expression analysis of microglial-enriched genes involved in neurodevelopment, the microglia sensome, and inflammation revealed differential regulation in primary microglia and in whole amygdala tissue. Microglia density was increased in the fetal amygdala at 7 dpi. Our data also reveal widespread sexual dimorphisms in microglial gene expression and demonstrate that the consequences of MIA are sex dependent. Overall, these results indicate that fetal microglia are significantly altered by maternal viral infection, presenting a potential mechanism through which MIA impacts prenatal brain development and function.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.