ArticlePloS one2019
Spatial distribution of breast cancer in Sudan 2010-2016.
Article in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Low Frequency of Pathogenic Variants in BRCA1 Exons 11/20 and BRCA2 Exon 11 Suggests Divergent Mutational Hotspots in Sudanese Breast Cancer Patients: A Case-Control Study.Breast cancer : basic and clinical research · 2026Article
- Association between VEGF gene polymorphisms and breast cancer risk.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025Article
- Barriers to Early Breast Cancer Diagnosis in Sudanese Women Before the War.Breast cancer (Dove Medical Press) · 2025Article
- The Pathological Pattern of Breast Cancer in the Najran Region of Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Study.Cureus · 2024Article
- Clinical Evidence of Circulating Tumor DNA Application in Aggressive Breast Cancer.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Health Impact of Household Waste Burning in Khartoum State, Sudan.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2023Article
- Mapping Evidence on the Burden of Breast, Cervical, and Prostate Cancers in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Review
- The Prognostic Value of Estrogen Receptor β Isoform With Correlation of Estrogen Receptor α Among Sudanese Breast Cancer Patients.Breast cancer : basic and clinical research · 2021Article
- Geographic information systems for occupational cancer surveillance: a scoping review.Revista CuidarteReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBreast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among females worldwide including Sudan. The aim of this study was to determine the spatial distribution of breast cancer in Sudan. MATERIALS AND
methodsA facility based cross-sectional study was implemented in eighteen histopathology laboratories distributed in the three localities of Khartoum State on a sample of 4630 Breast Cancer cases diagnosed during the period 2010-2016. A master database was developed through Epi InfoTM 7.1.5.2 for computerizing the data collected: the facility name, type (public or private), and its geo-location (latitude and longitude). Personal data on patients were extracted from their respective medical records (name, age, marital status, ethnic group, state, locality, administrative unit, permanent address and phone number, histopathology diagnosis). The data was summarized through SPSS to generate frequency tables for estimating prevalence and the geographical information system (ArcGIS 10.3) was used to generate the epidemiological distribution maps. ArcGIS 10.3 spatial analysis features were used to develop risk maps based on the kriging method.
resultsBreast cancer prevalence was 3.9 cases per 100,000 female populations. Of the 4423 cases of breast cancer, invasive breast carcinoma of no special type (NST) was the most frequent (79.5%, 3517/4423) histopathological diagnosis. The spatial analysis indicated as high risk areas for breast cancer in Sudan the States of Nile River, Northern, Red Sea, White Nile, Northern and Southern Kordofan.
conclusionsThe attempt to develop a predictive map of breast cancer in Sudan revealed three levels of risk areas (risk, intermediate and high risk areas); regardless the risk level, appropriate preventive and curative health interventions with full support from decision makers are urgently needed.
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