ArticleCureus2019
Frequency of Depression in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and its Relationship with Glycemic Control and Diabetic Microvascular Complications.
Article in Cureus, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Unveiling the relationship of the comorbidity between depression and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a macro analysis and micro interpretation.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Bidirectional relationship of diabetic retinopathy with anxiety and depression: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Association of depression with glycaemic control in people living with diabetes in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ global health · 2025Pooled it
- Bidirectional association between depression and diabetic nephropathy by meta-analysis.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- Depressive Symptoms and Metabolic Dysregulation Control: A Closer Look at Control Challenges in T2DM Patients.Depression and anxiety · 2024Trial
- Depressive symptoms and associated factors among patients with diabetes in public primary healthcare facilities in Kuwait city, 2024.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- A Post-Hoc Analysis of Depressive Disorders in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Associations between depressive and anxiety symptoms and incident kidney failure in patients with diabetic nephropathy.BMC nephrology · 2025Article
- Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor Level and Gene Polymorphism as Risk Factors for Depression in Patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus- A Case-Controlled Study.Current diabetes reviews · 2025Article
- Association between depression and diabetes among American adults using NHANES data from 2005 to 2020.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Depression and Eye Disease-A Narrative Review of Common Underlying Pathophysiological Mechanisms and their Potential Applications.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Comparative Study on Efficacy of Empagliflozin Versus Sitagliptin, as an Add-on Therapy to Metformin in Type 2 Diabetic Patients.Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences · 2024Article
- A scoping review of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Pakistan investigating the status of glycemic control, awareness, treatment adherence, complications and cost.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Prevalence and Impact of Psychological Disorders on Pharmacotherapy of Diabetic Patients in Low Resource Settings: A Prospective Assessment in Primary Healthcare Settings.Patient preference and adherence · 2024Article
- Article
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-α (International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- FKN/NR Signaling Pathway Regulates Hippocampal Inflammatory Responses: the Survival of Hippocampal Neurons in Diabetic Rats with Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2022Article
- Prognostic value of long-term trajectories of depression for incident diabetes mellitus in patients with stable coronary heart disease.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2021Article
- Depressive Symptoms among Patients with Diabetes in Qatar: Frequency and Potential Determinants.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Low brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein levels and single-nucleotide polymorphism Val66Met are associated with peripheral neuropathy in type II diabetic patients.Acta diabetologica · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction Various clinical studies have reported that clinical depression is a common co-morbidity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Depression can badly affect the lifestyle of diabetic patients and impair the proper management of diabetes mellitus. Therefore, there exists a need to identify risk factors of depression in diabetic patients especially in relation to various clinical parameters, glycemic control and diabetic microvascular complications. Materials and methods It was a cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan from August 2018 to April 2019. We recruited type 2 diabetic patients and measured their various clinical and hematological parameters. We evaluated depression using Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and evaluated its relationship with glycemic control, duration of diabetes, fasting lipid profile and presence of various diabetic microvascular complications. Results There were 100 subjects in the study having a mean age 58.3 ± 12.4 (range: 36 - 71) years with a male to female ratio of 1:1.2. The mean duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus was 11.2 ± 9.2 years. The mean PHQ-9 score of the study population was 10.2 ± 8.1. The frequency of depression was found to be 40.0%. Depression was most frequently found in women and in patients between 40 to 60 years of age (60.0%). Depression was more common in patients with dyslipidemia (p-value = 0.0015). Patients with diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy and diabetic neuropathy were 3.8 times, 4.2 times and 2.1 times more likely to have clinical depression than the patients without these complications. Patients with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) worse than 7.5% had a significantly higher rate of depression than those whose HbA1c ranged from 6.5 - 7.5 % (p-value = 0.0028). Duration of diabetes mellitus did not significantly affect the frequency of depression in diabetic patients. Conclusion Depression is common in a large number of diabetic patients. Female gender, dyslipidemia, diabetic microvascular complications and impaired glycemic control are significantly associated with depression in diabetic patients.
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