ArticlePsychonomic bulletin & review2019
Hunger increases delay discounting of food and non-food rewards.
Article in Psychonomic bulletin & review, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Deprivation Has Inconsistent Effects on Delay Discounting: A Review.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2022Pooled it
- Sexual discounting: A systematic review of discounting processes and sexual behavior.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2021Pooled it
- Gambling on an empty stomach: Hunger modulates preferences for learned but not described risks.Brain and behavior · 2023Trial
- Effects of simulated and real opioid withdrawal on delay discounting for opioids and money in people who use fentanyl daily.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Domain-specific effects of hunger on attention and choice.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Navigating the syndemic: a socio-psychological approach to food security and responsible consumption in low-income populations.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Article
- Atypical reward anticipation in impulsive individuals: evidence from EEG and experiential delay discounting.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Reward value and internal state differentially drive impulsivity and motivation.Behavioural brain research · 2024Article
- The Use of Nonmonetary Outcomes in Health-Related Delay Discounting Research: Review and Recommendations.Perspectives on behavior science · 2024Review
- The impact of hunger on indulgent food choices is moderated by healthy eating concerns.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Negative Influence of the Hunger State on Rule-observance Behavior in Mice.Experimental neurobiology · 2023Article
- Information, ingestion, and impulsivity: The impact of technology-enabled healthy food labels on online grocery shopping in impulsive and non-impulsive consumers.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- The Effect of Financial Scarcity on Reinforcer Pathology: A Dyadic Developmental Examination.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Can Digit Ratio and Gender Identity Predict Preferences for Consumption Options With a Distinct Gender Image?Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- Hunger improves reinforcement-driven but not planned action.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2021Article
- Satiety does not alter the ventral striatum's response to immediate reward in bulimia nervosa.Journal of abnormal psychology · 2021Article
- Hypothalamic-Extended Amygdala Circuit Regulates Temporal Discounting.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
How do our valuation systems change to homeostatically correct undesirable psychological or physiological states, such as those caused by hunger? There is evidence that hunger increases discounting for food rewards, biasing choices towards smaller but sooner food reward over larger but later reward. However, it is not understood how hunger modulates delay discounting for non-food items. We outline and quantitatively evaluate six possible models of how our valuation systems modulate discounting of various commodities in the face of the undesirable state of being hungry. With a repeated-measures design, an experimental hunger manipulation, and quantitative modeling, we find strong evidence that hunger causes large increases in delay discounting for food, with an approximately 25% spillover effect to non-food commodities. The results provide evidence that in the face of hunger, our valuation systems increase discounting for commodities, which cannot achieve a desired state change as well as for those commodities that can. Given that strong delay discounting can cause negative outcomes in many non-food (consumer, investment, medical, or inter-personal) domains, the present findings suggest caution may be necessary when making decisions involving non-food outcomes while hungry.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.