ArticleScientific reports2019
Spatial and Temporal Variability of Ambient Underwater Sound in the Baltic Sea.
Article in Scientific reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- First basin scale spatial-temporal characterization of underwater sound in the Mediterranean Sea.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Small reductions in cargo vessel speed substantially reduce noise impacts to marine mammals.Science advances · 2023Article
- First assessment of underwater sound levels in the Northern Adriatic Sea at the basin scale.Scientific data · 2023Article
- Underwater noise emissions from ships during 2014-2020.Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) · 2022Article
- A decade of underwater noise research in support of the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive.Ocean & coastal management · 2022Review
- Soundscape and ambient noise levels of the Arctic waters around Greenland.Scientific reports · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
During last decades, anthropogenic underwater sound and its chronic impact on marine species have been recognised as an environmental protection challenge. At the same time, studies on the spatial and temporal variability of ambient sound, and how it is affected by biotic, abiotic and anthropogenic factors are lacking. This paper presents analysis of a large-scale and long-term underwater sound monitoring in the Baltic Sea. Throughout the year 2014, sound was monitored in 36 Baltic Sea locations. Selected locations covered different natural conditions and ship traffic intensities. The 63 Hz, 125 Hz and 2 kHz one-third octave band sound pressure levels were calculated and analysed. The levels varied significantly from one monitoring location to another. The annual median sound pressure level of the quietest and the loudest location differed almost 50 dB in the 63 Hz one-third octave band. Largest difference in the monthly medians was 15 dB in 63 Hz one-third octave band. The same monitoring locations annual estimated probability density functions for two yearly periods show strong similarity. The data variability grows as the averaging time period is reduced. Maritime traffic elevates the ambient sound levels in many areas of the Baltic Sea during extensive time periods.
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Registered trials
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