ArticleBMJ open2019
Association between diabetes, metabolic syndrome and heart attack in US adults: a cross-sectional analysis using the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System 2015.
Article in BMJ open, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Prevalence of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: A Review of Published Estimates and New Findings from BRFSS Surveys.Cardiovasc medicine (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Joint Effects of Physical Activity and Body Mass Index on Prevalent Diabetes in a Nationally Representative Sample of 1.9 Million US Adults.Journal of diabetes research · 2025Article
- Familial co-aggregation and shared genetics of cardiometabolic disorders and traits: data from the multi-generational Lifelines Cohort Study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2023Article
- Prevalence of diabetes and its correlates among Iranian adults: Results of the first phase of Shahedieh cohort study.Health science reports · 2023Article
- Circulating Cardiac Biomarkers in Diabetes Mellitus: A New Dawn for Risk Stratification-A Narrative Review.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2020Review
- Clustering of Elevated Blood Pressure, Elevated Blood Glucose, and Abdominal Obesity Among Adults in Dire Dawa: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesDiabetes mellitus (DM) and metabolic syndrome (MS) are both associated with heart attack. Evidence regarding which condition-MS or DM-is better associated with heart attack, however, is limited. The purpose of this study is to examine DM and MS, and their comparative associations with heart attack, using the 2015 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS).
designCross-sectional study.
methodsA total of 332 008 subjects aged over 18 years were included in the analysis. All subjects were classified into four groups based on their DM and MS status: neither DM nor MS, DM without MS, MS without DM, and both DM and MS. A weighted hierarchical logistic regression was used to examine the difference between the four groups in their association with the risk of a heart attack.
resultsDifferences in weighted frequency distributions of gender, age category (over 45 years or not), smoking status, education, race, physical activity and daily vegetable and fruit consumption were significantly different across the four groups (p<0.05). The weighted prevalence of heart attack was 5.2% for neither DM nor MS group, 8.5% for DM without MS group, 11.0% for MS without DM group and 16.1% for both DM and MS group. The weighted prevalence of heart attack in MS without DM group was significantly higher than that in the DM without MS group (p<0.01). After adjusting for confounding variables, DM without MS and MS without DM were both found to be independently associated with heart attack compared with those without DM nor MS (DM without MS, OR=2.09; MS without DM, OR=2.58, all p<0.01).
conclusionThe BRFSS 2015 data indicated that MS without DM and DM without MS had comparable effects on heart attack, and the odds of risk are doubled than US adults with neither DM nor MS.
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