ArticleEnvironment international2019
Examining the relationship between household air pollution and infant microbial nasal carriage in a Ghanaian cohort.
Article in Environment international, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pneumonia in Ghana: prevalence, mortality and antimicrobial resistance-a systematic review and meta-analysis.International health · 2026Pooled it
- Etiologic Profile of the Pneumococcus in Ghana: A Systematic Review.BioMed research international · 2024Pooled it
- Household air pollution exposures over pregnancy and maternal blood pressure trajectories through 8 years postpartum: Evidence from the Ghana Randomized Air Pollution and Health Study (GRAPHS).Environmental research · 2026Trial
- Liquefied Petroleum Gas or Biomass Cooking and Severe Infant Pneumonia.The New England journal of medicine · 2024Trial
- Air Pollution and Global Pediatric Pneumococcal Disease.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Article
- High frequencies of nonviral colds and respiratory bacteria colonization among children in rural Western Uganda.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- Air pollution, dysbiosis and diseases: pneumonia, asthma, COPD, lung cancer and irritable bowel syndrome.Future microbiology · 2024Review
- Methods in Public Health Environmental Justice Research: a Scoping Review from 2018 to 2021.Current environmental health reports · 2023Article
- Article
- Mechanistic Insights into the Impact of Air Pollution on Pneumococcal Pathogenesis and Transmission.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2022Review
- Association between household air pollution and nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage in Malawian infants (MSCAPE): a nested, prospective, observational study.The Lancet. Global health · 2022Observational
- Household fuel use and its association with potential respiratory pathogens among healthy mothers and children in Ethiopia.PloS one · 2022Article
- Distribution and Drug Resistance of Bacterial Pathogens Associated with Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Children and the Effect of COVID-19 on the Distribution of Pathogens.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2022Article
- Prenatal household air pollutant exposure is associated with reduced size and gestational age at birth among a cohort of Ghanaian infants.Environment international · 2021Article
- Infant Nasopharyngeal Microbiota Subphenotypes and Early Childhood Lung Function: Evidence from a Rural Ghanaian Pregnancy Cohort.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Bacteria and Their Antibiotic Resistance Profiles in Ambient Air in Accra, Ghana, February 2020: A Cross-Sectional Study.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2021Article
- The impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions, demographic, social, and climatic factors on the initial growth rate of COVID-19: A cross-country study.The Science of the total environment · 2021Article
- Particulate air pollution and respiratory Haemophilus influenzae infection in Mianyang, southwest China.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021Article
- Positive environmental effects of the coronavirus 2020 episode: a review.Environment, development and sustainability · 2021Review
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPneumonia, a leading cause of childhood mortality, is associated with household air pollution (HAP) exposure. Mechanisms between HAP and pneumonia are poorly understood, but studies suggest that HAP may increase the likelihood of bacterial, instead of viral, pneumonia. We assessed the relationship between HAP and infant microbial nasal carriage among 260 infants participating in the Ghana Randomized Air Pollution and Health Study (GRAPHS).
methodsData are from GRAPHS, a cluster-randomized controlled trial of cookstove interventions (improved biomass or LPG) versus the 3-stone (baseline) cookstove. Infants were surveyed for pneumonia during the first year of life and had routine personal exposure assessments. Nasopharyngeal swabs collected from pneumonia cases (n = 130) and healthy controls (n = 130) were analyzed for presence of 22 common respiratory microbes by MassTag polymerase chain reaction. Data analyses included intention-to-treat (ITT) comparisons of microbial species presence by study arm, and exposure-response relationships.
resultsIn ITT analyses, 3-stone arm participants had a higher mean number of microbial species than the LPG (LPG: 2.71, 3-stone: 3.34, p < 0.0001, n = 260). This difference was driven by increased bacterial (p < 0.0001) rather than viral species presence (non-significant). Results were pronounced in pneumonia cases and attenuated in healthy controls. Higher prevalence bacterial species were Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Moraxella catarrhalis. Exposure-response relationships did not yield significant associations between measured CO and nasal microbial carriage.
conclusionsOur intention-to-treat findings are consistent with a link between HAP and bacterial nasal carriage. No relationships were found for viral carriage. Given the null results in exposure-response analysis, it is likely that a pollutant besides CO is driving these differences.
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