ArticleDiabetes research and clinical practice2019
Global and regional diabetes prevalence estimates for 2019 and projections for 2030 and 2045: Results from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas, 9
Article in Diabetes research and clinical practice, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 27 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 4,830 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Comparison of Empaglifozin and Vildagliptin in Efficacy and Safety in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
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Comparison of Pitavastatin Plus Ezetimibe Versus High-Intensity Statin Therapy on Risk of New-Onset Diabetes Mellitus in Prediabetic Patients With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
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Macular Vessels Density Before and After Panretinal Photocoagulation in Patients With Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
Impact of Diquafosol Ophthalmic Solution on Tear Film and Dry Eye Symptom in Type 2 Diabetic Dry Eye: A Four-week Randomized Control, Single Masked Pilot Study.
3% Diquafosol Topical Ophthalmic Solution in Diabetic Patients With Dry Eye
Feasibility and Impact of an Intensive Team-based Intervention on Prediabetes Remission in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease
Predictors of Foot Amputation in Diabetic Foot Ulcers; A Retrospective Study From Pakistan
Effect of Ambroxol on the Inflammatory Markers and Clinical Outcome of Patients With Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
A Physiologic Comparison of Two Approaches to Treating Peripheral Neuropathy
What Are the Effects of Potatoes, Utilizing Specific Cooking Methods, on Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Persons With and Without Type II Diabetes Who Follow the DASH Diet for 6 Weeks?
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Validation of Non-invasive Risk Models for Prediction of Incident Type 2 Diabetes in a Swedish Population
A Single Center, Randomized, Controlled Trial Comparing the Clinical Efficacy of 3% Diquafosol Tetrasodium and 0.1 % Hyaluronic Acid 0.1% in Diabetic Patients With Dry Eye Disease
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Network of Doctors for Multimorbidity and Diabetes - The NOMAD Intervention: Protocol for Feasibility Trial of Multidisciplinary Team Conferences for People With Diabetes and Multimorbidity
Effectiveness of Electroacupuncture in the Treatment of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: a MulticentreRandomised Controlled Trial
Early Warning of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy by Using Infrared Thermography and the Effectiveness of Electroacupuncture in Its Prevention
Predictive Value of Serum Uric Acid to High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio for Diabetic Kidney Injury in Type 2 Diabetes
Milk for Diabetes Prevention
The Effectiveness of Foot-Ankle Exercise and Walking Exercise on Foot Neuropathy, Stress, Quality of Life, Blood Sugar Markers, Blood Pressure, Ankle-Brachial Index, and BMI Among Diabetes Mellitus Patients
the Effect of Fasted Versus Post-meal HIIT on Glycemic Control in Men With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Technological-based Personalized Care Intervention for Supporting Older People With Diabetes Mellitus
A Pilot Study of Feasibility and Exploratory Study for a Definitive Randomised Controlled Trial of Foot-Ankle Versus Walking Exercises in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus: Effects on Neuropathy, Stress, and Quality of Life
The Effectiveness of Diabetes Self-Management Intervention on Glycemic Control, Self-management and Psychological Distress for Ethnic Minority Elderly in Rural Areas in Thailand: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
4,830 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Prediction of Factors Influencing the Incidence of Diabetic Foot Ulcers Using Classical Statistical and Machine Learning Approaches: A Systematic Review.International wound journal · 2026Pooled it
- The effects of resveratrol on glycemic indices and lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes: an umbrella review and meta-analysis.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Is there an association between diabetes and neck and back pain? An updated systematic review with meta-analyses.Chiropractic & manual therapies · 2026Pooled it
- The association between poor glycemic control and apical periodontitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal · 2026Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Text Messaging Interventions on BMI Among Adults With Prediabetes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2026Pooled it
- Trial
- Influence of Social Determinants of Health on Adherence to Lifestyle Modifications in Individuals With Prediabetes: A Mixed Methods Study.Journal of advanced nursing · 2026Trial
- Safety and efficacy of GZR18, a long-acting GLP-1 analog, in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized, double-blind, phase 1b/2a trial.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Trial
- Effects of Specific Carob (Nutrients · 2026Trial
- The role of gut microbiome in aging-associated diseases: where do we stand now and how technology will transform the future.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Microfluidic-engineered glucose-responsive microparticle depot for smart insulin delivery.Drug delivery · 2026Article
- Understanding barriers and facilitators of adherence to lifestyle changes in prediabetes: a qualitative study.International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being · 2026Observational
- Clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes in patients with diabetic nephropathy coexisting idiopathic membranous nephropathy: a retrospective observational study.Renal failure · 2026Observational
- Emerging bioactive microneedle platforms for disease management: From cutaneous disorders to systemic therapeutics.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- Clinical Outcomes for Newly Diagnosed Diabetes Patients in Korea: A National Health Insurance Data.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Dual-Reporter Gene-Based Multimodal Imaging for Tracking Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Diabetic Skin Wound Repair.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Article
- Metformin Ameliorates Diabetes-Associated Cognitive Dysfunction via p53/Parkin-Mediated Mitophagy.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Deep learning-based CT-derived vertebral bone mineral density and metformin therapy: a longitudinal study in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.Skeletal radiology · 2026Article
- Enzymatic hydrolysis by Alcalase of red bean protein to develop corn starch/red bean protein hydrolysate complex for reduced glycemic response in vitro.Journal of the science of food and agriculture · 2026Article
- Metal-organic framework-based wearable electrochemical glucose sensors for sweat analysis: materials design, sensing mechanisms, and future perspectives.RSC advances · 2026Review
4,770 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimsTo provide global estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2019 and projections for 2030 and 2045.
methodsA total of 255 high-quality data sources, published between 1990 and 2018 and representing 138 countries were identified. For countries without high quality in-country data, estimates were extrapolated from similar countries matched by economy, ethnicity, geography and language. Logistic regression was used to generate smoothed age-specific diabetes prevalence estimates (including previously undiagnosed diabetes) in adults aged 20-79 years.
resultsThe global diabetes prevalence in 2019 is estimated to be 9.3% (463 million people), rising to 10.2% (578 million) by 2030 and 10.9% (700 million) by 2045. The prevalence is higher in urban (10.8%) than rural (7.2%) areas, and in high-income (10.4%) than low-income countries (4.0%). One in two (50.1%) people living with diabetes do not know that they have diabetes. The global prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance is estimated to be 7.5% (374 million) in 2019 and projected to reach 8.0% (454 million) by 2030 and 8.6% (548 million) by 2045.
conclusionsJust under half a billion people are living with diabetes worldwide and the number is projected to increase by 25% in 2030 and 51% in 2045.
Indexed as
Identifiers
31518657What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.