ArticlePharmacological research2019
Macrophage activation by a substituted pyrimido[5,4-b]indole increases anti-cancer activity.
Article in Pharmacological research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- From empiricism to precision: SHINE strategy in anti-fibrotic drug discovery.Chinese herbal medicines · 2026Article
- Polarization of macrophages to an anti-cancer phenotype throughChemical science · 2024Article
- Diarylidene-N-Methyl-4-Piperidones and Spirobibenzopyrans as Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Agents.Chemistry & biodiversity · 2023Article
- Review
- Building on the backbone of CD47-based therapy in cancer: Combination strategies, mechanisms, and future perspectives.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2023Review
- Murine macrophage-based iNos reporter reveals polarization and reprogramming in the context of breast cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Macrophage circadian rhythms are differentially affected based on stimuli.Integrative biology : quantitative biosciences from nano to macro · 2022Article
- Molecular imaging of tumor-associated macrophages in cancer immunotherapy.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2022Review
- Preclinical and Clinical Development of Therapeutic Antibodies Targeting Functions of CD47 in the Tumor Microenvironment.Antibody therapeutics · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Immunotherapy has become a promising new approach for cancer treatment due to the immune system's ability to remove tumors in a safe and specific manner. Many tumors express anti-inflammatory factors that deactivate the local immune response or recruit peripheral macrophages into pro-tumor roles. Because of this, effective and specific ways of activating macrophages into anti-tumor phenotypes is highly desirable for immunotherapy purposes. Here, the use of a small molecule TLR agonist as a macrophage activator for anti-cancer therapy is reported. This compound, referred to as PBI1, demonstrated unique activation characteristics and expression patterns compared to treatment with LPS, through activation of TLR4. Furthermore, PBI1 treatment resulted in anti-tumor immune behavior, enhancing macrophage phagocytic efficiency five-fold versus non-treated macrophages. Additive effects were observed via use of a complementary strategy (anti-CD47 antibody), resulting in ∼10-fold enhancement of phagocytosis, suggesting this small molecule approach could be used in conjunction with other therapeutics.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.