Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31517769›Full record

ArticleSexually transmitted diseases2019

The Vaginal Microbiota and Behavioral Factors Associated With Genital Candida albicans Detection in Reproductive-Age Women.

Sarah E Brown, Jennifer A Schwartz, Courtney K Robinson, D Elizabeth OʼHanlon, L Latéy Bradford, Xin He, Katrina S Mark, Vincent M Bruno, Jacques Ravel, Rebecca M Brotman

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sexually transmitted diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed
3.7field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Persistent, Asymptomatic Colonization withMicrobiology spectrum · 2022
    Trial
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  3. Review
  4. Review
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  7. Article
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  10. The impact of fluconazole use on the fungal and bacterial microbiomes in recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (RVVC): a pilot study of vaginal and gastrointestinal site interplay.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025
    Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Antifungal susceptibility and biofilm production of Candida species- causative agents of female genital tract infections.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2024
    Article
  14. Review
  15. The association between lifestyle factors and the composition of the vaginal microbiota: a review.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2024
    Review
  16. Review
  17. Reproductive Tract Microbiota of Mares.Veterinary sciences · 2024
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Antifungal Activity and Type of Interaction ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Sarah E BrownFrom the Institute for Genome Sciences.
Jennifer A SchwartzFrom the Institute for Genome Sciences.
Courtney K RobinsonFrom the Institute for Genome Sciences.
D Elizabeth OʼHanlonFrom the Institute for Genome Sciences.
L Latéy BradfordFrom the Institute for Genome Sciences.
Xin HeDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park.
Katrina S MarkDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
Vincent M BrunoFrom the Institute for Genome Sciences.
Jacques RavelFrom the Institute for Genome Sciences.
Rebecca M BrotmanFrom the Institute for Genome Sciences.
University of Maryland, Baltimore · USUniversity of Maryland, College Park · US

Funding

Genomic Tools For Studying The Ecology Of The Human Vaginal MicrofloraU01AI070921 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI RAVEL, JACQUES · 2006 to 2010
$4.0M
Lubricant Use and the Vaginal MicrobiomeR01AI119012 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI BROTMAN, REBECCA M. · 2016 to 2020
$3.7M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI119012NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI070921
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundVulvovaginal candidiasis is commonly diagnosed and has been associated in prospective studies with the acquisition of HIV. Little data is available on how the composition of the vaginal microbiota, and other risk factors, are associated with the molecular detection of Candida albicans-a common cause of vulvovaginal candidiasis.

methodsIn a cross-sectional study, self-collected vaginal swabs were obtained from 394 nonpregnant, reproductive-age women. C. albicans was detected using polymerase chain reaction targeting C. albicans ITS1/2 region. Vaginal microbiota was characterized by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of the V3 to V4 hypervariable regions and clustered into community state types (CSTs). Multiple logistic regression identified factors associated with C. albicans detection.

resultsTwenty-one percent had C. albicans detected and 46% reported vaginal symptoms in the prior 60 days. There was a 2-fold increase in the odds of C. albicans if a woman was in a L. crispatus-dominated CST compared to CSTs with low-Lactobacillus levels (adjusted odds ratio, 2.05; 95% confidence interval, 0.97-4.37). History of self-treatment with antifungals, L. crispatus relative abundance, and receptive oral sex were also significantly associated with C. albicans detection.

conclusionsA L. crispatus-dominated vaginal microbiota is thought to protect women from both development of bacterial vaginosis and incidence of sexually transmitted infections; however, our data suggest that L. crispatus is associated with increased C. albicans detection. Receptive oral sex may also be a risk factor for vaginal C. albicans colonization.

Indexed as

MicrobiotaSexual BehaviorAdolescentAdultCandida albicansCandidiasis, VulvovaginalCross-Sectional StudiesDNA, IntergenicFemaleHumansLactobacillus crispatusMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk FactorsRNA, Ribosomal, 16SSexually Transmitted DiseasesDNA, IntergenicRNA, Ribosomal, 16S

Identifiers

PMID31517769
PMCPMC6818707
OpenAlexW2972347961

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.