ArticleEClinicalMedicine2019
Predictors of Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Strokes Among People Living With HIV: The D:A:D International Prospective Multicohort Study.
Article in EClinicalMedicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Characterization and stratification of risk factors of stroke in people living with HIV: A theory-informed systematic review.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Pooled it
- First-ever acute ischemic strokes in HIV-infected persons: A case-control study from stroke units.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2024Article
- Versatile strategies for adult neurogenesis: avenues to repair the injured brain.Neural regeneration research · 2024Review
- HIV Infection and 90-Day Stroke Outcomes in Uganda: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study.Neurology. Clinical practice · 2023Article
- Herpes zoster associated with stroke incidence in people living with human immunodeficiency virus: a nested case-control study.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Association of serum uric acid to lymphocyte ratio, a novel inflammatory biomarker, with risk of stroke: A prospective cohort study.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2023Article
- Contribution of Behavioral Health Factors to Non-AIDS-Related Comorbidities: an Updated Review.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2020Review
- The outcome in patients with brain stroke: A deep learning neural network modeling.Journal of research in medical sciences : the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences · 2020Article
- Every Minute Counts-The Time Is Now to Understand Predictors of Stroke in HIV.EClinicalMedicine · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 9 institutions in 8 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHypertension is a stronger predictor of hemorrhagic than ischemic strokes in the general population. We aimed to identify whether hypertension or other risk factors, including HIV-related factors, differ in their associations with stroke subtypes in people living with HIV (PLWHIV).
methodsHIV-1-positive individuals from the Data collection on Adverse events of anti-HIV Drugs (D:A:D) study were followed from the time of first blood pressure (BP) measurement after 1/1/1999 or study entry until the first of a validated stroke, 6 months after last follow-up or 1/2/2014. Stroke events were centrally validated using standardized criteria. Hypertension was defined as one systolic BP ≥ 140 mm Hg and/or diastolic BP ≥ 90 mm Hg. Poisson and Cox proportional hazards regression models determined associations of established cerebro/cardiovascular disease and HIV-related risk factors with stroke and tested whether these differed by stroke subtype.
findings590 strokes (83 hemorrhagic, 296 ischemic, 211 unknown) occurred over 339,979 person-years (PYRS) (incidence rate/1000 PYRS 1.74 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.60-1.88]). Common predictors of both hemorrhagic and ischemic strokes were hypertension (relative hazard 3.55 [95% CI 2.29-5.50] and 2.24 [1.77-2.84] respectively) and older age (1.28 [1.17-1.39] and 1.19 [1.12-1.25]). Male gender (1.62 [1.14-2.31] and 0.60 [0.35-0.91]), previous cardiovascular events (4.03 [2.91-5.57] and 1.44 [0.66-3.16]) and smoking (1.90 [1.41-2.56] and 1.08 [0.68-1.71]) were stronger predictors of ischemic then hemorrhagic strokes, whereas hypertension, hepatitis C (1.32 [0.72-2.40] and 0.46 [0.30-0.70]) and estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.72 m
interpretationRisk factors for stroke may differ by subtype in PLWHIV, emphasizing the importance of further research to increase the precision of stroke risk estimation.
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