ReviewInternational journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature2019
Cardiotoxicity from immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Review in International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
87 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Cardiotoxicity: A Comparative Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies and Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Pooled it
- CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS OF CHEMOTHERAPY IN BREAST CANCER: A SCOPING REVIEW.Annals of Ibadan postgraduate medicine · 2026Article
- Nicotinamide prevents anti-PD1 immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated early stages of cardiotoxicity.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Article
- Crosstalk between tumor-associated macrophages and the B7/CD28 family in immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced immunotherapy.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2026Review
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related cardiotoxicity: a cellular pharmacology perspective on susceptibility and resistance.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Immunotherapy in EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- The Impact of Immune-Related Adverse Events on the Survival of Patients Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: The Distinct Role of Cardiac Toxicities.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Immune-based cancer therapies: mechanistic insights, clinical progress, and future directions.Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute · 2025Review
- Cardiotoxicity Induced by Anticancer Therapies: A Call for Integrated Cardio-Oncology Practice.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Hemoglobin is associated with cardiotoxicity in melanoma patients without anemia receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2025Article
- Navigating Cardiotoxicity in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: From Diagnosis to Long-Term Management.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2025Review
- Delving into the pinnacle: an in-depth analysis of the top 100 most cited articles on cardio-oncology.Hereditas · 2025Article
- Targeting immune checkpoints in hepatocellular carcinoma therapy: toward combination strategies with curative potential.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- From Bench to Bedside: Translational Approaches to Cardiotoxicity in Breast Cancer, Lung Cancer, and Lymphoma Therapies.Cancers · 2025Review
- Prevention of cancer-therapy related cardiac dysfunction.Current heart failure reports · 2025Review
- Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in patients with suspected myocarditis from immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy - A real-world observational study.International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2025Article
- Exercise, cancer, and the cardiovascular system: clinical effects and mechanistic insights.Basic research in cardiology · 2025Review
- From guidelines to radiology practice: navigating the 2023 ASCO guidelines for advanced gastroesophageal cancer and beyond.Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2025Review
- Pharmacovigilance study on the reporting frequency of atrial fibrillation with immune checkpoint inhibitors: insights from FDA Adverse Event Reporting System.Therapeutic advances in drug safety · 2025Article
- Cardiovascular imaging in cardio-oncology.Japanese journal of radiology · 2024Review
27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has greatly improved treatment of various advanced cancers but increasing use of ICI therapy has exposed the risk of ICI-related cardiovascular side effects. Immune checkpoints are inhibitory regulators of T cell activation and mediate T cell effector functions during physiological responses to shield from autoimmune reactions. ICI therapy for advanced cancers promotes immune activity against tumors and is applied within a broad collective of cancer patients. Widespread use of ICI therapy has revealed the burden of immune related adverse events with various organ manifestations and characteristics. Since immune checkpoints are highly relevant for maintaining myocardial homeostasis as emerging evidence implicates, inhibition of immune checkpoint pathways has been associated with various forms of cardiotoxicity in preclinical models and patients. Although ICI-related cardiotoxicity is rare, it has significant relevance due to high mortality rates. This review focuses on current knowledge about cardiac ICI-related toxicity. We summarize the most common forms and delineate incidence, presentation, and treatment. Clinical characteristics are correlated to potential underlying pathomechanisms. We outline epidemiology, risk factors, and course of disease. Recommendations for monitoring and critical diagnostic measures are specified within the context of different forms of cardiac involvement. Different therapeutic implications for suspected ICI-related cardiotoxicity and their limitations are critically summarized. We highlight current gaps of knowledge concerning the underlying pathomechanisms and clinical characteristics of ICI-related cardiotoxicity. Future challenges are depicted for optimum cardio-oncology care of patients receiving ICI therapy.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.