ReviewTherapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism2019
Health considerations for transgender women and remaining unknowns: a narrative review.
Review in Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic Review on Gender-Affirming Testosterone Therapy and the Risk of Breast Cancer: A Challenge for Physicians Treating Patients from Transgender and Gender-Diverse Populations.Archives of sexual behavior · 2024Pooled it
- TruVox Web-Based Software for Vocal Pitch Training in Transgender Women: Development and Single-Session Evaluations.JMIR formative research · 2025Article
- Comparison of Estrone/Estradiol Ratio and Levels in Transfeminine Individuals on Different Routes of Estradiol.Transgender health · 2025Article
- Perceived Feasibility and Acceptability of HIV Prevention Research With Daily Oral PrEP Among Young Transgender Women (YTGW) Who Sell or Trade Sex in Bangkok and Pattaya, Thailand.AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education · 2024Article
- Pain mechanisms in the transgender individual: a review.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Clinicians in the Veterans Health Administration initiate gender-affirming hormone therapy in concordance with clinical guideline recommendations.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Cancer surveillance for transgender and gender diverse patients with Lynch syndrome: a practice resource of the Collaborative Group of the Americas on Inherited Gastrointestinal Cancer.Familial cancer · 2023Review
- The Effects of Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy on Body Satisfaction, Self-Esteem, Quality of Life, and Psychopathology in People with Female-to-Male Gender Dysphoria.Transgender health · 2023Article
- Gender-affirming hormone therapy, mental health, and surgical considerations for aging transgender and gender diverse adults.Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism · 2023Review
- Endocrine Therapy of Adult Gender-Incongruent Individuals Seeking Gender Reaffirmation.Indian journal of plastic surgery : official publication of the Association of Plastic Surgeons of India · 2022Review
- Navigating Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Primary Care Concerns Specific to the Transgender and Gender-Nonbinary Population.Open forum infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Standards of Care for the Health of Transgender and Gender Diverse People, Version 8.International journal of transgender health · 2022Article
- Setting a research agenda in trans health: An expert assessment of priorities and issues by trans and nonbinary researchers.International journal of transgender health · 2022Review
- Chest Feminization in Male-to-Female Transgender Patients: A Review of Options.Transgender health · 2021Review
- Privately Insured Transgender People Are At Elevated Risk For Chronic Conditions Compared With Cisgender Counterparts.Health affairs (Project Hope) · 2021Article
- Associations between clusters of perceived social support level, depression, and suicidal ideation among transgender women: a latent class analysis.Journal of public health research · 2021Article
- A Lifecourse Perspective on Female Sex-Specific Risk Factors for Later Life Cognition.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2021Review
- Psychosocial challenges and hormonal treatment in gender diverse children and adolescents. A narrative review.International journal of impotence research · 2021Review
- Male-to-female gender affirmation surgery: breast reconstruction with Ergonomix round prostheses.International journal of impotence research · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Transgender (trans) women (TW) were assigned male at birth but have a female gender identity or gender expression. The literature on management and health outcomes of TW has grown recently with more publication of research. This has coincided with increasing awareness of gender diversity as communities around the world identify and address health disparities among trans people. In this narrative review, we aim to comprehensively summarize health considerations for TW and identify TW-related research areas that will provide answers to remaining unknowns surrounding TW's health. We cover up-to-date information on: (1) feminizing gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT); (2) benefits associated with GAHT, particularly quality of life, mental health, breast development and bone health; (3) potential risks associated with GAHT, including cardiovascular disease and infertility; and (4) other health considerations like HIV/AIDS, breast cancer, other tumours, voice therapy, dermatology, the brain and cognition, and aging. Although equally deserving of mention, feminizing gender-affirming surgery, paediatric and adolescent populations, and gender nonbinary individuals are beyond the scope of this review. While much of the data we discuss come from Europe, the creation of a United States transgender cohort has already contributed important retrospective data that are also summarized here. Much remains to be determined regarding health considerations for TW. Patients and providers will benefit from larger and longer prospective studies involving TW, particularly regarding the effects of aging, race and ethnicity, type of hormonal treatment (e.g. different oestrogens, anti-androgens) and routes of administration (e.g. oral, parenteral, transdermal) on all the topics we address.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.