Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31516471›Full record

ArticleTobacco induced diseases2018

Correlates of the support for smoke-free policies among smokers: A cross-sectional study in six European countries of the EUREST-PLUS ITC EUROPE SURVEYS.

Marcela Fu, Yolanda Castellano, Olena Tigova, Ute Mons, Thomas Agar, Christina N Kyriakos, Anne C K Quah, Geoffrey T Fong, Antigona C Trofor, Krzysztof Przewoźniak and 6 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Tobacco induced diseases, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Marcela FuCatalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain.
Yolanda CastellanoCatalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain.
Olena TigovaCatalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain.
Ute MonsCancer Prevention Unit and WHO Collaborating Centre for Tobacco Control, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
Thomas AgarDepartment of Psychology and School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo (UW), Waterloo, Canada.
Christina N KyriakosEuropean Network for Smoking and Tobacco Prevention (ENSP), Brussels, Belgium.
Anne C K QuahDepartment of Psychology and School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo (UW), Waterloo, Canada.
Geoffrey T FongDepartment of Psychology and School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo (UW), Waterloo, Canada.
Antigona C TroforUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Grigore T. Popa' Iasi (UMF Iasi), Iasi, Romania.
Krzysztof PrzewoźniakHealth Promotion Foundation (HPF), Warsaw, Poland.
Witold A ZatońskiHealth Promotion Foundation (HPF), Warsaw, Poland.
Tibor DemjénSmoking or Health Hungarian Foundation (SHHF), Budapest, Hungary.
Yannis TountasNational and Kapodistrian University of Athens (UoA), Athens, Greece.
Constantine I VardavasEuropean Network for Smoking and Tobacco Prevention (ENSP), Brussels, Belgium.
Esteve FernándezCatalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain.
EUREST-PLUS Consortium

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThis report describes the support for smoke-free policies in different settings among smokers in six European countries and the relationship between their opinions about the places where smoking should be banned and their beliefs about the harms of secondhand smoke to non-smokers.

methodsA cross-sectional survey (the ITC 6 European Country Survey, part of the EUREST-PLUS Project) was conducted using nationally representative samples of adult smokers in Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Spain (n=6011). We describe the prevalence of agreement and support for smoke-free policies in different settings according to sociodemographics, smoking characteristics and beliefs about the danger of secondhand smoke to non-smokers.

resultsThere was high agreement with smoking regulations in cars with preschool children and in schoolyards of primary/secondary schools (>90% overall) and low agreement with banning smoking in outdoor terraces of bars/pubs (8.6%; 95%CI: 7.5%-9.8%) and restaurants (10.1%; 95%CI: 8.9%-11.4%). The highest support for complete smoking bans inside public places came from smokers in Poland, among women, people aged ≥25 years, who had low nicotine dependence, and who tried to quit smoking in the last 12 months. About 78% of participants agreed that tobacco smoke is dangerous to non-smokers, ranging from 63.1% in Hungary to 88.3% in Romania; the highest agreement was noted among women, the 25-54 age groups, those with higher education, low cigarette dependence, and those who tried to quit in the last 12 months. The support for complete smoking bans in public places was consistently higher among smokers who agreed that secondhand smoke is dangerous to non-smokers.

conclusionsSmokers in six European countries declared strong support for smoke-free policies in indoor settings and in settings with minors but low support in outdoor settings, particularly leisure facilities. More education is needed to increase the awareness about the potential exposure to secondhand smoke in specific outdoor areas.

Indexed as

EuropeSecondhand exposuresmoke-free policiessmokersWHO FCTC

Identifiers

PMID31516471
PMCPMC6661849

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.