ArticleMedical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research2019
Withaferin-A Inhibits Growth of Drug-Resistant Breast Carcinoma by Inducing Apoptosis and Autophagy, Endogenous Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Production, and Inhibition of Cell Migration and Nuclear Factor kappa B (Nf-κB)/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (m-TOR) Signalling Pathway.
Article in Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Oral Administration of Withaferin A Increases Infiltration of CD4Journal of cancer prevention · 2026Article
- Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Cancer.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Retraction Note: Indirubin exerts anticancer effects on human glioma cells by inducing apoptosis and autophagy.AMB Express · 2024Article
- The Therapeutic Effects of Withaferin A against Cancer: Overview and Updates.Current molecular medicine · 2024Review
- Withaferin A: A Dietary Supplement with Promising Potential as an Anti-Tumor Therapeutic for Cancer Treatment - Pharmacology and Mechanisms.Drug design, development and therapy · 2023Review
- Recent Advances in the Chemistry and Therapeutic Evaluation of Naturally Occurring and Synthetic Withanolides.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Review
- Retracted: Withaferin-A Inhibits Growth of Drug-Resistant Breast Carcinoma by Inducing Apoptosis and Autophagy, Endogenous Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Production, and Inhibition of Cell Migration and Nuclear Factor kappa B (Nf-κB)/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (m-TOR) Signalling Pathway.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2021Article
- A Comprehensive Review and Perspective on Anticancer Mechanisms of Withaferin A in Breast Cancer.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2020Review
- Low Concentration of Withaferin a Inhibits Oxidative Stress-Mediated Migration and Invasion in Oral Cancer Cells.Biomolecules · 2020Article
- Bioactive Compounds: Multi-Targeting Silver Bullets for Preventing and Treating Breast Cancer.Cancers · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
- Retraction · 2021-03-25Euphemisms for Plagiarism · Falsification/Fabrication of Image · Plagiarism of Image · · See also: https://pubpeer.com/publications/7368EAF52AAFA8AD4C880A2C3E70BE
- Retracted
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main purpose of this study was to assess in vitro and in vivo the anticancer effect of withaferin-A in human breast carcinoma cells (MDA-MB-231), and to assess its effects on autophagy, cell apoptosis, ROS production, cell migration and invasion, and Nf-kappaB/m-TOR signalling pathway. MATERIAL AND METHODS Proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells at various doses of the drug was studied by CCK8 cell viability assay. Effects on cell apoptosis were studied by fluorescence microscopy in combination with flow cytometry and Western blot analysis. Effects on autophagy were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy and Western blot. Effects on cellular migration were examined in vitro by wound healing assay. RESULTS The results indicated that withaferin-A led to significant reduction of MDA-MB-231 cell viability. The anticancer action of withaferin-A was shown to be due to the stimulation of autophagy, which was accompanied by enhancement of LC3 expression. Withaferin-A prompted mitochondrial apoptosis, which was also associated with increased level of Bax and decreased Bcl-2 in MDA-MB-231 cells. It was also observed that withaferin-A has decreases cellular migration and invasion of the tested human breast cancer cells. The effects of withaferin-A were also investigated in vivo, and it was found that this molecule could inhibit the growth of tumor xenografts in tested mice. Withaferin-A led to suppression of the Nf-kappaB/m-TOR signalling pathway. CONCLUSIONS In brief, the withaferin-A molecule has great potential as an anticancer agent against drug-resistant breast cancer, and as such needs to be further studied in detail.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.