ArticleCureus2019
Association of Obesity Indicators with Hypertension in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients.
Article in Cureus, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epidemiology, Predisposing Factors, Biomarkers, and Prevention Mechanism of Obesity: A Systematic Review.Journal of obesity · 2020Pooled it
- Article
- MTHFR C677T polymorphism and T2DM risk in Iraqi Kurds: a cross-sectional study.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Article
- Obesity Biomarkers: Exploring Factors, Ramification, Machine Learning, and AI-Unveiling Insights in Health Research.MedComm · 2025Review
- Trajectories of Body Mass Index and Risk for Diabetes Complications and All-Cause Mortality in Finnish Type 2 Diabetes Patients.Clinical epidemiology · 2024Article
- Clinical Characterization of Data-Driven Diabetes Clusters of Pediatric Type 2 Diabetes.Pediatric diabetes · 2023Article
- Blood Pressure Monitoring as a Digital Health Tool for Improving Diabetes Clinical Outcomes: Retrospective Real-world Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2022Article
- Effect of Hypertension, Waist-to-Height Ratio, and Their Transitions on the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Analysis from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.Journal of diabetes research · 2022Article
- Deciphering the Causal Relationships Between Low Back Pain Complications, Metabolic Factors, and Comorbidities.Journal of pain research · 2022Article
- Risk factors for hypertension and diabetes comorbidity in a Korean population: A cross-sectional study.PloS one · 2022Article
- Profiling the phyto-constituents ofSaudi journal of biological sciences · 2020Article
- Influence of Hypertension on the Survival of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo study the association of waist circumference (WC), waist to hip ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI) with hypertension in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients in a tertiary care hospital.
methodsThe anthropometric measures of patients were recorded in the Diabetic Outdoor of Nishtar Hospital Multan from 2013 to 2018 after taking approval from the Institutional Ethical Review Committee. All patients were evaluated in detail after obtaining informed consent. Data was entered and analyzed in SPSS version 20 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA).
resultsData of 4556 type 2 DM patients, 2549 (55.9%) females, and 2007 (44.1%) males, was analyzed. Mean age of the study population was 47.72 years. Mean age of females was 47.32 years, while of males was 48.23 years. A total of 3393 (74.5%) of the patients had hypertension, 1912 females and 1481 males. The mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) was 130.84 mmHg, while the mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was 82.65 mmHg. Mean WC was 102.85 cm. Mean hip circumference was 100.33 cm. Mean weight was 66.93 kg. Mean height was 1.59 m. Mean WHR was 1.02. Mean BMI was 26.37 kg/m2. Obesity (BMI >27 kg/m2) was found in 1,891 (41.5%) of patients. Central obesity was found in 80.7% and 94.7% of type 2 DM patients according to the WC and WHR cutoff, respectively. Hypertension was significantly associated with all the obesity indicators (p<0.001). Type 2 DM patients with a high WHR were more likely to be hypertensive as compared to those with normal WHR (75% versus 65%, odds ratio (OR) 1.6, p<0.001). A higher than normal WC was also significantly associated with hypertension (79% versus 56%, OR 2.9, p<0.001). Similarly, obese type 2 DM patients with a BMI >27 kg/m2 were more likely to be hypertensive as compared to those with a normal range (18.5 to 22.9 kg/m2) BMI (83.1% versus 64.4%, OR 2.7, p<0.001).
conclusionDiabetes is more prevalent in females and middle-aged people. Hypertension and obesity are two very common comorbidities of diabetes. Hypertension is strongly associated with all the parameters (WC, WHR, and BMI) of obesity.
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