ArticleThe Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association2020
Rural-Urban Differences in Breast Reconstruction Utilization Following Oncologic Resection.
Article in The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Disparities in Breast Reconstruction After Mastectomy in Southeast Asia: A Systematic Review.Journal of surgical oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Post-Mastectomy Breast Reconstruction Disparities: A Systematic Review of Sociodemographic and Economic Barriers.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Pooled it
- Comparing Immediate Breast Reconstruction Rates in Rural and Urban Populations: A Global Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Comparer les taux de reconstruction mammaire immédiate dans les populations rurales et urbaines : une analyse systématique et méta-analyse globales.Plastic surgery (Oakville, Ont.) · 2026Review
- Patient Choice: Autonomy and Ethics in Breast Reconstruction.Annals of plastic surgery · 2026Article
- Differences in Breast Cancer Care Between Rural Women Undergoing Treatment at a Referral Center and Those Treated Locally.Annals of surgical oncology · 2026Article
- Health Inequities in the Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Outcomes of Plastic Surgery: A Scoping Review.Plastic surgery (Oakville, Ont.) · 2025Review
- A Narrative Review of Plastic Surgery and Climate Change: Context and Considerations.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2022Article
- Rural-Urban Disparities in Cancer Outcomes: Opportunities for Future Research.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2022Review
- Breast Cancer Disparities and the Impact of Geography.Surgical oncology clinics of North America · 2022Review
- Long-term Mammography Adherence among Uninsured Women Enrolled in the Breast Screening and Patient Navigation (BSPAN) Program.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2022Article
- Article
- Blossom smart expander technology for tissue expander-based breast reconstruction facilitates shorter duration to full expansion: A pilot study.Archives of plastic surgery · 2020Article
- Rurality predisposes departure from gold-standard care, leading to delayed or accelerated access to surgery: insights from a scoping review.Canadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgieArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBreast reconstruction (BR) is the reconstructive surgical technique that focuses on restoring normal form and function to the breast following oncologic resection. The goal of this study was to determine if BR disparities exist among rural female patients in Kentucky.
methodsA retrospective (2006-2015), population-based cohort study was conducted on breast cancer patients (stages I-III) treated with mastectomy with or without BR. We used 2013 Beale codes to stratify patients according to geographic status. Chi-square tests were used to examine the association of BR along the rural-urban continuum. A multivariate logistic regression model controlling for patient, disease, and treatment factors was used to predict BR. The likelihood of BR was reported in odds ratios (OR) using a 95% confidence interval (CI).
resultsOverall, 10,032 patients met study criteria. Of those, 2,159 (21.5%) underwent BR. The rate of BR among urban, near-metro, and rural patients was 31.1%, 20.4%, and 13.4%, respectively (P < .001). Multivariate analysis revealed that women from near metro (OR 0.54, CI: 0.47-0.61; P < .001) and rural areas (OR 0.36, CI: 0.31-0.41; P < .001) were less likely to undergo BR than women from urban areas.
conclusionAlthough BR benefits are well documented, women from rural Kentucky undergo BR at lower rates and are less likely to receive BR than their urban counterparts. Efforts should seek to promote equitable access to BR for all patients, including those from rural areas.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.