ReviewFrontiers in nutrition2019
Can the Skeletal Muscle Carnosine Response to Beta-Alanine Supplementation Be Optimized?
Review in Frontiers in nutrition, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05096793 (Acute Supplementation With Beta-Alanine Improves Performance in Aerobic-anaerobic Transition Zones in Endurance Athletes), which is not on this map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Acute Supplementation With Beta-Alanine Improves Performance in Aerobic-anaerobic Transition Zones in Endurance Athletes
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- The Muscle Carnosine Response to Beta-Alanine Supplementation: A Systematic Review With Bayesian Individual and Aggregate Data E-Max Model and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2020Pooled it
- Effects of β-Alanine Supplementation on Subjects Performing High-Intensity Functional Training.Nutrients · 2024Trial
- Efficacy of 12 weeks oral beta-alanine supplementation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2022Trial
- One-Week High-Dose β-Alanine Loading Improves World Tour Cyclists' Time-Trial Performance.Nutrients · 2021Trial
- Common questions and misconceptions of sodium bicarbonate as an ergogenic aid: what does the science really show?Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2026Review
- Effects of Rumen-Protected β-Alanine on Hepatic Gluconeogenesis-Related Indices and Muscle Energy Metabolism in Transported Cattle.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Mechanistic Integration of Beta-Alanine-Carnosine Buffering and Glutamine Metabolism in Exercise-Induced Muscle-Brain Crosstalk: Implications for Aging, Neurodegeneration, and Cognitive Decline.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- β-Alanine Is an Unexploited Neurotransmitter in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.NeuroSci · 2026Review
- Serum metabolic signatures associated with running performance in healthy men living in a cold environment: insights into amino acid and energy metabolism.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Integrated Proteomics and Metabolomics Profiling Unravels Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Postmortem Meat Quality Between Two Ages and Muscle Types in Sansui Duck.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Mitochondria-centred metabolomic map of inclusion body myositis: sex-specific alterations in central carbon metabolism.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2025Article
- Anserine, Balenine, and Ergothioneine: Impact of Histidine-Containing Compounds on Exercise Performance-A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2025Review
- The Possible Roles ofCurrent medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Effect of β-Alanine Metabolite on Gut Integrity and Immunity in Commercial Broiler Chickens Infected withAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- A Decrease in Branched-Chain Amino Acids after a Competitive Male Professional Volleyball Game-A Metabolomic-Based Approach.Metabolites · 2024Article
- Biochemical Aspects That Lead to Abusive Use of Trimetazidine in Performance Athletes: A Mini-Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Effect of β-alanine on the athletic performance and blood amino acid metabolism of speed-racing Yili horses.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Metabolic reprogramming and macrophage expansion define ACPA-negative rheumatoid arthritis: insights from single-cell RNA sequencing.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Use of Buffers in Specific Contexts: Highly Trained Female Athletes, Extreme Environments and Combined Buffering Agents-A Narrative Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Carnosine is an abundant histidine-containing dipeptide in human skeletal muscle and formed by beta-alanine and L-histidine. It performs various physiological roles during exercise and has attracted strong interest in recent years with numerous investigations focused on increasing its intramuscular content to optimize its potential ergogenic benefits. Oral beta-alanine ingestion increases muscle carnosine content although large variation in response to supplementation exists and the amount of ingested beta-alanine converted into muscle carnosine appears to be low. Understanding of carnosine and beta-alanine metabolism and the factors that influence muscle carnosine synthesis with supplementation may provide insight into how beta-alanine supplementation may be optimized. Herein we discuss modifiable factors that may further enhance the increase of muscle carnosine in response to beta-alanine supplementation including, (i) dose; (ii) duration; (iii) beta-alanine formulation; (iv) dietary influences; (v) exercise; and (vi) co-supplementation with other substances. The aim of this narrative review is to outline the processes involved in muscle carnosine metabolism, discuss theoretical and mechanistic modifiable factors which may optimize the muscle carnosine response to beta-alanine supplementation and to make recommendations to guide future research.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.