ReviewFrontiers in neuroscience2019
In the Long Run: Physical Activity in Early Life and Cognitive Aging.
Review in Frontiers in neuroscience, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Digital Health Interventions to Promote Physical Activity in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Semiquantitative Analysis.International journal of public health · 2024Pooled it
- Effect of prolonged voluntary wheel running on oxidative stress and defence mechanisms in cortex and hippocampus of healthy female rats.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Physical Activity Over the Adult Life Course and Risk of Dementia in the Framingham Heart Study.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Long-term cumulative physical activity associated with less cognitive decline: Evidence from a 16-year cohort study.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2025Article
- Association between exercise habits in adolescence and old age and the risk of mild cognitive impairment: the Bunkyo health study.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Article
- The causality of physical activity status and intelligence: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.PloS one · 2023Article
- Physical activity moderates the association between white matter hyperintensity burden and cognitive change.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Article
- A Primary Care Agenda for Brain Health: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.Stroke · 2021Review
- The Contribution of Physical Exercise to Brain Resilience.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2020Review
- Comparison of Traditional Chinese Exercises and Nontraditional Chinese Exercise Modalities on Cognitive and Executive Function in Community Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2020Article
- Does Exercise Improve False Episodic Memory in Dementia?Journal of clinical medicine · 2019Article
- PET Imaging of Perceptual Learning-Induced Changes in the Aged Rodent Cholinergic System.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019Article
- Association of physical activity with dementia and cognitive decline in UK Biobank.Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)Article
- An Overview of Cognitive Reserve in Aging Based on Keyword Network Analysis.Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision and financingArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
A certain degree of age-related cognitive decline is normal; however, some people retain more cognitive function than others. Cognitive impairment is associated with an increased risk of dementia. Thus, understanding the factors that contribute to cognitive reserve is crucial, so effective strategies for the prevention of dementia can be developed. Engaging in physical activity can delay cognitive decline and reduce the risk of dementia and a number of early life conditions have been shown to have long-lasting effects on cognition. This mini-review combines these two observations to evaluate the evidence from both animal models and epidemiological studies for physical activity in early life (≤30 years) delaying cognitive decline in later life (cognition tested ≥60 years). Three epidemiological studies were found; two showed a positive association and one found none. The latter was deemed to have an unreliable method. A review of animal studies found none that analyzed the effect of physical activity in early life on cognition in later life. However, in rodent models that analyzed mid-life cognition, runners showed improved cognition and enhanced adult hippocampal neurogenesis, changes which were preserved across the life span. Currently, there is insufficient evidence to conclude whether physical activity in early life may delay cognitive decline in later life, but these results indicate that further studies are warranted. Future human research should be in the form of longitudinal studies that begin below ≤15 years and assess sex differences. Crucially, the physical activity data must define type, quantity and intensity of exercise.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.