ArticleOpen biology2019
Temporal development of the infant gut microbiome.
Article in Open biology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 160 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
160 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Prenatal Maternal Stress and Infant Gut Microbiome in Human and Animal Studies: A Comprehensive Systematic Review.Developmental psychobiology · 2026Pooled it
- Maternal Prenatal Stress and the Offspring Gut Microbiome: A Cross-Species Systematic Review.Developmental psychobiology · 2025Pooled it
- Genetic strategies for sex-biased persistence of gut microbes across human life.Nature communications · 2023Pooled it
- Neonatal Diet and Gut Microbiome Development After C-Section During the First Three Months After Birth: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- Maternal exposures and the infant gut microbiome: a systematic review with meta-analysis.Gut microbesPooled it
- The impact of topical or oral antibiotics in children with acute otitis media on their middle ear, nasopharyngeal, and gut microbiomes.Epidemiology and infection · 2026Trial
- Effects of phototherapy combined with Lactobacillus salivarius AP-32 or Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis CP-9 on improving neonatal jaundice and gut microbiome health: a randomized double-blind clinical study.Nutrition journal · 2025Trial
- Potential Benefit of Probiotic E. Coli Nissle in Term Neonates.Klinische Padiatrie · 2023Trial
- Source of human milk (mother or donor) is more important than fortifier type (human or bovine) in shaping the preterm infant microbiome.Cell reports. Medicine · 2022Trial
- Association of human milk oligosaccharides and nutritional status of young infants among Bangladeshi mother-infant dyads.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- Effects of Whole-Grain and Sugar Content in Infant Cereals on Gut Microbiota at Weaning: A Randomized Trial.Nutrients · 2021Trial
- Metagenomic analysis of the gut microbiome composition associated with vitamin D supplementation in Taiwanese infants.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Sibling factors associated with gut microbiota and fecal short-chain fatty acids in preschoolers.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Microbial-derived tryptophan metabolites in the infant gut associate with increased risk of asthma following cesarean section.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Changes in bacterial and metabolic profiles in breastfed infants during dietary transition to solids.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- The human breast milk microbiome: a landscape review of its composition, origins, and impact on infant health.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Stool Dynamics and the Developing Gut Microbiome During Infancy.Journal of biological rhythms · 2026Article
- Shaping of the Infant Gut Microbiome by Milk Oligosaccharides.Annual review of biochemistry · 2026Review
- Short-chain fatty acids-a key link between the gut microbiome and T-lymphocytes in neonates?Pediatric research · 2026Review
- Bidirectional relations between the maternal and infant gut microbiome and behavior.Pediatric research · 2026Article
100 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The majority of organisms that inhabit the human body reside in the gut. Since babies are born with an immature immune system, they depend on a highly synchronized microbial colonization process to ensure the correct microbes are present for optimal immune function and development. In a balanced microbiome, symbiotic and commensal species outcompete pathogens for resources. They also provide a protective barrier against chemical signals and toxic metabolites. In this targeted review we will describe factors that influence the temporal development of the infant microbiome, including the mode of delivery and gestational age at birth, maternal and infant perinatal antibiotic infusions, and feeding method-breastfeeding versus formula feeding. We will close by discussing wider environmental pressures and early intimate contact, particularly between mother and child, as they play a pivotal role in early microbial acquisition and community succession in the infant.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.