ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2020
High Risk of Influenza Virus Infection Among Swine Workers: Examining a Dynamic Cohort in China.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A systematic review of animal feeding operations including concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) for exposure, health outcomes, and environmental justice.Environmental research · 2024Pooled it
- Efficient replication of influenza D virus in the human airway underscores zoonotic potential.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Efficient replication of influenza D virus in the human airway underscores zoonotic potential.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Emerging Respiratory Virus Threats from Influenza D and Canine Coronavirus HuPn-2018.Emerging infectious diseases · 2026Review
- Diverse respiratory viruses detected among hospitalized patients with pneumonia in Sri Lanka and Vietnam.IJID regions · 2025Article
- Role and Contribution of Serological Surveillance in Animals and Exposed Humans to the Study of Zoonotic Influenza Disease Epidemiology: A Scoping Review.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The global burden of swine influenza and its mitigation.Open veterinary journal · 2025Review
- Genetic and molecular characterization of a novel reassortant H3N2 influenza virus from a sick pig in Eastern China in 2019.Veterinary research · 2025Article
- One health: Subchronic exposure to low ambient hydrogen sulfide increases mortality of influenza A virus infection in mice.Environmental research · 2025Article
- High Prevalence of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza: A Virus in Vietnam's Live Bird Markets.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Industrial Hog Operation Workers' Perspectives on Occupational Exposure to Zoonotic Pathogens: A Qualitative Pilot Study in North Carolina, USA.New solutions : a journal of environmental and occupational health policy : NS · 2024Article
- Influenza A Virus Utilizes the Nasolacrimal System to Establish Respiratory Infection after Ocular Exposure in the Swine Model.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2024Article
- Influenza D virus was not detected among prospectively studied swine farm in multiple provinces of China.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2023Article
- Seroprevalence of Swine Influenza A Virus (swIAV) Infections in Commercial Farrow-to-Finish Pig Farms in Greece.Veterinary sciences · 2023Article
- Chimeric hemagglutinin split vaccines elicit broadly cross-reactive antibodies and protection against group 2 influenza viruses in mice.Science advances · 2023Article
- Are pigs overestimated as a source of zoonotic influenza viruses?Porcine health management · 2022Review
- Genetic Diversity of the Hemagglutinin Genes of Influenza a Virus in Asian Swine Populations.Viruses · 2022Review
- Review
- Metagenomic characterization of swine slurry in a North American swine farm operation.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Mitigating Future Respiratory Virus Pandemics: New Threats and Approaches to Consider.Viruses · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundChina is thought to be a hotspot for zoonotic influenza virus emergence, yet there have been few prospective studies examining the occupational risks of such infections.
methodsWe present the first 2 years of data collected from a 5-year, prospective, cohort study of swine-exposed and -unexposed participants at 6 swine farms in China. We conducted serological and virological surveillance to examine evidence for swine influenza A virus infection in humans.
resultsOf the 658 participants (521 swine-exposed and 137 swine-unexposed), 207 (31.5%) seroconverted against at least 1 swine influenza virus subtype (swine H1N1 or H3N2). Swine-exposed participants' microneutralization titers, especially those enrolled at confined animal feeding operations (CAFOs), were higher against the swine H1N1 virus than were other participants at 12 and 24 months. Despite elevated titers, among the 187 study subjects for whom we had complete follow-up, participants working at swine CAFOs had significantly greater odds of seroconverting against both the swine H1N1 (odds ratio [OR] 19.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.55-358.65) and swine H3N2 (OR 2.97, 95% CI 1.16-8.01) viruses, compared to unexposed and non-CAFO swine workers with less intense swine exposure.
conclusionsWhile some of the observed increased risk against swine viruses may have been explained by exposure to human influenza strains, study data suggest that even with elevated preexisting antibodies, swine-exposed workers were at high risk of infection with enzootic swine influenza A viruses.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.