ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2020
Rates of Hospitalization and Infection-Related Hospitalization Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Exposed Uninfected Children Compared to HIV-Unexposed Uninfected Children in the United States, 2007-2016.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01310023 (Surveillance Monitoring for ART Toxicities Study in HIV Uninfected Children Born to HIV Infected Women), which is not on this map. Cited by 32 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Surveillance Monitoring for ART Toxicities Study in HIV Uninfected Children Born to HIV Infected Women
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed.
- Immunologic and Virologic Factors Associated With Hospitalization in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Exposed, Uninfected Infants in the United States.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Trial
- Pasteurised donor human milk for HIV-exposed infants in Saskatchewan, Canada: a feasibility trial protocol.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Risk of skin and subcutaneous diseases in paediatric HIV-exposed uninfected individuals in the USA.The British journal of dermatology · 2026Article
- Maternal Inflammation Likely Drives Impaired Immune Responses to Respiratory Syncytial Virus in HIV-Exposed Uninfected Infants.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Characterizing immune activation in HIV-exposed but uninfected infants in the first year of life.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Observational
- Follow-up and Outcomes of Infants Perinatally-exposed to HIV in a Low-prevalence Setting: The Multicenter Children's HIV Exposure Study 2.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2025Article
- Review
- Safety, Tolerability, and Immunogenicity of RSVpreF Vaccine in Pregnant Individuals Living with HIV.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Altered milk tryptophan and tryptophan metabolites in women living with HIV.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Altered mitochondrial mass and fatty acid uptake by natural killer cells in HIV-exposed uninfected children at 6 years of age.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Article
- HIV-related Differences in Placental Immunology: Data From the PRACHITi Cohort in Pune, India.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Residency as a determinant of oral health disparities in primary dentition among HIV-infected, HIV-exposed, and unexposed children in Kenya - findings from a cohort study.Critical public health · 2025Article
- Phenotypic characterization of NK cells in 5-year-old children exposed to maternal HIV and antiretroviral therapy in early-life.BMC immunology · 2024Article
- Impact of HIV exposure without infection on hospital course and mortality among young children in sub-Saharan Africa: a multi-site cohort study.BMC medicine · 2024Article
- Care of the Child Perinatally Exposed to Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Clinics in perinatology · 2024Review
- Maternal HIV infection and the milk microbiome.Microbiome · 2024Article
- Reduced anti-viral IgG repertoire in HIV-exposed but uninfected infants compared to HIV-unexposed infants.iScience · 2024Article
- Distinct cytokine profiles in late pregnancy in Ugandan people with HIV.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Risk and rates of hospitalisation in young children: A prospective study of a South African birth cohort.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Setting the research agenda: involving parents in research on children who are HIV-free.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundStudies from multiple countries have suggested impaired immunity in perinatally human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-exposed uninfected children (HEU), with elevated rates of all-cause hospitalization and infections. We estimated and compared the incidence of all-cause hospitalization and infection-related hospitalization in the first 2 years of life among HEU and HIV-unexposed uninfected children (HUU) in the United States. Among HEU, we evaluated associations of maternal HIV disease-related factors during pregnancy with risk of child hospitalization.
methodsHEU data from subjects enrolled in the Surveillance Monitoring for Antiretroviral Therapy Toxicities Study (SMARTT) cohort who were born during 2006-2017 were analyzed. HUU comparison data were obtained from the Medicaid Analytic Extract database, restricted to states participating in SMARTT. We compared rates of first hospitalization, total hospitalizations, first infection-related hospitalization, total infection-related hospitalizations, and mortality between HEU and HUU using Poisson regression. Among HEU, multivariable Poisson regression models were fitted to evaluate associations of maternal HIV factors with risk of hospitalization.
resultsA total of 2404 HEU and 3 605 864 HUU were included in the analysis. HEU children had approximately 2 times greater rates of first hospitalization, total hospitalizations, first infection-related hospitalization, and total infection-related hospitalizations compared with HUUs. There was no significant difference in mortality. Maternal HIV disease factors were not associated with the risk of child infection or hospitalization.
conclusionsCompared with HUU, HEU children in the United States have higher rates of hospitalization and infection-related hospitalization in the first 2 years of life, consistent with studies in other countries. Closer monitoring of HEU infants for infection and further elucidation of immune mechanisms is needed.
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