ArticleImmune network2019
Downregulation of IL-18 Expression in the Gut by Metformin-induced Gut Microbiota Modulation.
Article in Immune network, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Integrated Macrogenomics and Metabolomics Analysis of the Effect of Sea Cucumber Ovum Hydrolysates on Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis.Marine drugs · 2025Article
- Association of Gut Microbiome and Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 in Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Rapid Literature Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Role of Gut Microbial Metabolites in Cardiovascular Diseases-Current Insights and the Road Ahead.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- The gastrointestinal tract is a major source of the acute metformin-stimulated rise in GDF15.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Review
- Understanding the action mechanisms of metformin in the gastrointestinal tract.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Effect of metformin on sepsis-associated acute lung injury and gut microbiota in aged rats with sepsis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Metformin in therapeutic applications in human diseases: its mechanism of action and clinical study.Molecular biomedicine · 2022Review
- Protection by metformin against severe Covid-19: An in-depth mechanistic analysis.Diabetes & metabolism · 2022Review
- Role of gut microbiome in regulating the effectiveness of metformin in reducing colorectal cancer in type 2 diabetes.World journal of clinical cases · 2020Review
- Interactions Between Therapeutics for Metabolic Disease, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, and Gut Microbiota.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
IL-18 is a crucial pro-inflammatory cytokine that mediates chronic intestinal inflammation. Metformin, an anti-diabetic drug, was reported to have ameliorative effects on inflammatory bowel disease. Recently, the mechanism of action of metformin was explained as a modulation of gut microbiota. In this study, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) using fecal material from metformin-treated mice was found to upregulate the expression of GLP-1 and pattern-recognition receptors TLR1 and TLR4 for the improvement in hyperglycemia caused by a high-fat diet. Further, FMT downregulated the expression of the inflammatory cytokine IL-18. Within the genera
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.