SynthesisAnnals of family medicine2019
Characteristics of Case Management in Primary Care Associated With Positive Outcomes for Frequent Users of Health Care: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in Annals of family medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Primary care team and its association with quality of care for people with multimorbidity: a systematic review.BMC primary care · 2023Pooled it
- Decision-making and related outcomes of patients with complex care needs in primary care settings: a systematic literature review with a case-based qualitative synthesis.BMC primary care · 2022Pooled it
- Frequent attenders in primary health care in Finland: use of primary care services and patient characteristics.Scandinavian journal of primary health care · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of Multidisciplinary "Case Management" Approaches to the Management of Patients Who Make High Use of the Emergency Ambulance Service: A Quasi-experimental Evaluation Using Linked Routine Records.Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open · 2026Article
- Global observational analysis of the Quality of Care Index (QCI) for protein-energy malnutrition from 1990 to 2021.Medicine · 2026Observational
- Integrating the primary care perspective in the implementation of a diabetes prevention program for patients with recent gestational diabetes: a qualitative descriptive study.BMC primary care · 2026Article
- Explainable AI for mental health emergency returns: integrating large language models with predictive modeling.JAMIA open · 2026Article
- Article
- Time to care: the lived experience of receiving care from a primary care service for people with frequent hospital admissions.Family medicine and community health · 2026Article
- The experience of an innovative interdisciplinary model of primary care delivery in changing organizational dynamics: a grounded theory study.Primary health care research & development · 2025Article
- Article
- Caregivers' burden of care during emergency department care transitions among older adults: a mixed methods cohort study.BMC geriatrics · 2024Observational
- Tensions experienced by case managers working in home care for older adults in Quebec: first level analysis of an institutional ethnography.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- Caring for high-need patients.BMC health services research · 2023Article
- Experiences of Frequent Users of Emergency Departments in Health Care Setting in French-Speaking Switzerland: A Qualitative Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
- Implementation analysis of a case management intervention for people with complex care needs in primary care: a multiple case study across Canada.BMC health services research · 2023Article
- Machine learning to improve frequent emergency department use prediction: a retrospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Integrating case management for patients with complex needs in the ground practice: the importance of context in evaluative designs.Health research policy and systems · 2023Article
- Change of home visit frequency by public health nurses predicts emergency escorts for psychiatric patients living in the community: A retrospective medical record review.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeCase management (CM) interventions are effective for frequent users of health care services, but little is known about which intervention characteristics lead to positive outcomes. We sought to identify characteristics of CM that yield positive outcomes among frequent users with chronic disease in primary care.
methodsFor this systematic review of both quantitative and qualitative studies, we searched MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, and PsycINFO (1996 to September 2017) and included articles meeting the following criteria: (1)population: adult frequent users with chronic disease, (2)intervention: CM in a primary care setting with a postintervention evaluation, and (3)primary outcomes: integration of services, health care system use, cost, and patient outcome measures. Independent reviewers screened abstracts, read full texts, appraised methodologic quality (Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool), and extracted data from the included studies. Sufficient and necessary CM intervention characteristics were identified using configurational comparative methods.
resultsOf the 10,687 records retrieved, 20 studies were included; 17 quantitative, 2 qualitative, and 1 mixed methods study. Analyses revealed that it is necessary to identify patients most likely to benefit from a CM intervention for CM to produce positive outcomes. High-intensity intervention or the presence of a multidisciplinary/interorganizational care plan was also associated with positive outcomes.
conclusionsPolicy makers and clinicians should focus on their case-finding processes because this is the essential characteristic of CM effectiveness. In addition, value should be placed on high-intensity CM interventions and developing care plans with multiple types of care providers to help improve patient outcomes.
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