ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2019
PD-1 Blockade and TLR7 Activation Lack Therapeutic Benefit in Chronic Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Macaques on Antiretroviral Therapy.
Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Safety and efficacy of toll-like receptor agonists as therapeutic agents and vaccine adjuvants for infectious diseases in animals: a systematic review.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Pooled it
- Expression Profile and Biological Role of Immune Checkpoints in Disease Progression of HIV/SIV Infection.Viruses · 2022Pooled it
- In vivo effect of anti-PD-1 on HIV-specific CD8+T-cells in men with HIV.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Review
- TGF-β mediates epigenetic control of innate antiviral responses and SIV reservoir size.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- The TLR7 agonist vesatolimod does not measurably induce SIV expression in macaques receiving combination antiretroviral therapy initiated during chronic infection.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025Article
- Understanding the HIV-specific T-cell response to immune checkpoint blockade: what can we learn from cancer immunotherapy?Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2025Review
- Host-directed approaches in the pursuit of a cure for HIV.Antiviral research · 2025Review
- Immune-mediated strategies to solving the HIV reservoir problem.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025Review
- Dual blockade of IL-10 and PD-1 leads to control of SIV viral rebound following analytical treatment interruption.Nature immunology · 2024Article
- Flt3 agonist enhances immunogenicity of arenavirus vector-based simian immunodeficiency virus vaccine in macaques.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Immune restoration by TIGIT blockade is insufficient to control chronic SIV infection.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Inhibition of SFTSV replication in humanized mice by a subcutaneously administered anti-PD1 nanobody.EMBO molecular medicine · 2024Article
- Breaking the Silence: Regulation of HIV Transcription and Latency on the Road to a Cure.Viruses · 2023Review
- New Concepts in Therapeutic Manipulation of HIV-1 Transcription and Latency: Latency Reversal versus Latency Prevention.Viruses · 2023Review
- Trispecific antibody targeting HIV-1 and T cells activates and eliminates latently-infected cells in HIV/SHIV infections.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Combination Antiretroviral Therapy and Immunophenotype of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus.Viruses · 2023Article
- Progress Note 2024: Curing HIV; Not in My Lifetime or Just Around the Corner?Pathogens & immunity · 2023Article
- Article
- The foundations of immune checkpoint blockade and the ipilimumab approval decennial.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) limits human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) replication but does not eliminate the long-lived reservoir established shortly after viral acquisition. A successful HIV cure intervention necessitates either elimination or generation of long-term immune control of the persistent viral reservoir. Immune modulating strategies in conjunction with ART hold promise for achieving cure by inducing viral antigen expression and augmenting infected cell killing. Programmed death-1 (PD-1) blockade is a potential means to both activate and eliminate the latent reservoir by restoring exhausted T cell function. We assessed the therapeutic efficacy of PD-1 blockade, Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) activation with the agonist vesatolimod, or a combination of the two agents in chronically simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected macaques suppressed with ART for more than 2 years. Despite achieving extended anti-PD-1 antibody plasma exposure and TLR7-dependent immune activation after multiple administrations, neither individual treatment nor the combination resulted in changes to viral rebound kinetics following ART interruption or reduction in the SIV reservoir size. Our data in the context of other reports demonstrating improved viral control upon PD-1 blockade suggest that its therapeutic utility may be restricted to specific experimental conditions or treatment times during viral pathogenesis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.