ArticleCell communication and signaling : CCS2019
Nonlytic exocytosis of Cryptococcus neoformans from neutrophils in the brain vasculature.
Article in Cell communication and signaling : CCS, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cryptococcus exploits delayed microglial activation, and microglial osteopontin/Spp1 impairs peripheral host control.Cell host & microbe · 2025Article
- Elements of dissemination in cryptococcosis.mBio · 2024Review
- Toxoplasma infection induces an aged neutrophil population in the CNS that is associated with neuronal protection.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- An Image Processing Algorithm for Facile and Reproducible Quantification of Vomocytosis.Chemical & biomedical imaging · 2023Article
- A Multi-Fluorophore Staining Scheme for Identification and Quantification of Vomocytosis.Chemical & biomedical imaging · 2023Article
- Innate Pulmonary Phagocytes and Their Interactions with PathogenicJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Vomocytosis of Cryptococcus neoformans cells from murine, bone marrow-derived dendritic cells.PloS one · 2023Article
- Host immune responses in the central nervous system during fungal infections.Immunological reviews · 2022Review
- Fungal CNS Infections in Africa: The Neuroimmunology of Cryptococcal Meningitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- The Diverse Roles of Phagocytes During Bacterial and Fungal Infections and Sterile Inflammation: Lessons From Zebrafish.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Animal Models ofFrontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Fine Particulate Matter (PMFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCryptococcus neoformans (C. neoformans) is an encapsulated budding yeast that causes life-threatening meningoencephalitis in immunocompromised individuals, especially those with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). To cause meningoencephalitis, C. neoformans circulating in the bloodstream must first be arrested in the brain microvasculature. Neutrophils, the most abundant phagocytes in the bloodstream and the first leukocytes to be recruited to an infection site, can ingest C. neoformans. Little is known about how neutrophils interact with arrested fungal cells in the brain microvasculature.
methodsA blood-brain barrier (BBB) in vitro model was established. The interactions between neutrophils adhering to brain endothelial cells and fungi were observed under a live cell imaging microscope. A flow cytometry assay was developed to explore the mechanisms. Immunofluorescence staining of brain tissues was utilized to validate the in vitro phenomena.
resultsUsing real-time imaging, we observed that neutrophils adhered to a monolayer of mouse brain endothelial cells could expel ingested C. neoformans without lysis of the neutrophils or fungi in vitro, demonstrating nonlytic exocytosis of fungal cells from neutrophils. Furthermore, nonlytic exocytosis of C. neoformans from neutrophils was influenced by either the fungus (capsule and viability) or the neutrophil (phagosomal pH and actin polymerization). Moreover, nonlytic exocytosis of C. neoformans from neutrophils was recorded in brain tissue.
conclusionThese results highlight a novel function by which neutrophils extrude C. neoformans in the brain vasculature.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.