Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31500391›Full record

SynthesisInternational journal of environmental research and public health2019

Health Inequalities amongst People of African Descent in the Americas, 2005-2017: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Sandra Del Pino, Sol Beatriz Sánchez-Montoya, José Milton Guzmán, Oscar J Mújica, Juan Gómez-Salgado, Carlos Ruiz-Frutos

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Hospital mortality among psychiatric inpatients: a cross-sectional study, Brazil, 2023.Epidemiologia e servicos de saude : revista do Sistema Unico de Saude do Brasil · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Self-perceived health of older adults in Latin America and the Caribbean: a scoping review.Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health · 2023
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. White Coats for Black Lives.Journal of graduate medical education · 2021
    Article
  11. COVID-19 and inequities in the Americas: lessons learned and implications for essential health services.Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health · 2021
    Article
  12. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Sandra Del PinoCultural Diversity, Office of Equity, Gender and Cultural Diversity, Pan American Health Organization, PAHO/WHO, Washington, DC 20037, USA. delpinos@paho.org.
Sol Beatriz Sánchez-MontoyaIndependent Consultant, Bogota 235367, Colombia. solbeatriz.sanchez@gmail.com.
José Milton GuzmánHealth and Cultural Diversity, El Chaco Region, Pan American Health Organization, PAHO/WHO, Asuncion 595-21, Paraguay. guzmanjo@paho.org.
Oscar J MújicaSocial Epidemiology and Health Equity, Department of Evidence and Intelligence for Action in Health, Pan American Health Organization, PAHO/WHO, Washington, DC 20037, USA. mujicaos@paho.org.ORCID 0000-0002-2893-4206
Juan Gómez-SalgadoDepartment of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain. salgado@uhu.es.ORCID 0000-0001-9053-7730
Carlos Ruiz-FrutosDepartment of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain. frutos@uhu.es.ORCID 0000-0003-3715-1382

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ethnic inequalities are often associated with social determinants of health. This study seeks to identify the latest scientific evidence on inequalities in the health of people of African descent in the Americas. For this, a systematic review of the literature on health and people of African descent in the Americas was carried out in the LILACS, PubMed, MEDLINE, and IBECS databases. Institutional and academic repositories were also consulted. Evidence was obtained on the presence and persistence of health inequalities in the population of African descent in the Americas from the identification of five types of quantitative and qualitative evidence: (1) ethnic/racial concept and variables; (2) relations with other social determinants; (3) health risks; (4) barriers and inequalities in health services; and, (5) morbi-mortality from chronic diseases. Studies with qualitative methods revealed invisibility, stereotypes, and rejection or exclusion as main factors of inequality. This review evidenced the existence of health inequalities, its interconnection with other adverse social determinants and risk factors, and its generation and perpetuation by discrimination, marginalization, and social disadvantage. These conditions make people of African descent a priority population group for action on equity, as demanded by the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

Indexed as

Health Status DisparitiesBlack or African AmericanHealth Services AccessibilityHumansRisk FactorsSocial Determinants of HealthSocioeconomic FactorsStereotypingAfrican-Americanethnicityhealth inequalitiessocial determinants of healthsocial inequitysystematic review

Identifiers

PMID31500391
PMCPMC6765792

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.